L5

Question 1

Is the body of data that can be used to make decisions.

Answer 1

EVIDENCE

Question 2

It is when community and public health workers systematically find, appraise, and use evidence as the basis for decision making related to community organizing/building and health promotion programming.

Answer 2

EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE

Question 3

Individuals influence and are influenced by their families, social networks, the organizations in which they participate (workplaces, schools, religious organizations), the communities of which they are apart, and the society in which they live.

Answer 3

SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL APPROACH (ECOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE)

Question 4

LEVELS OF INFLUENCE

passage of ordinances to promote health.

Answer 4

Community

Question 5

LEVELS OF INFLUENCE

employers develop health programs that engage their employees.

Answer 5

Institutional or organizational

Question 6

LEVELS OF INFLUENCE

wide dissemination of information to encourage the people.

Answer 6

Public policy

Question 7

LEVELS OF INFLUENCE

collaborative programs to promote health.

Answer 7

Physical environment

Question 8

LEVELS OF INFLUENCE

reinforcement of health programs as cultural norms.

Answer 8

Culture

Question 9

A process by which community groups are helped to identify common problems or change targets, mobilize resources, and develop and implement strategies for reaching their collective goals.

Answer 9

COMMUNITY ORGANIZING

Question 10

Community characteristics affecting its ability to identify, mobilize, and address problems

Answer 10

Community capacity

Question 11

“Social action process for people to gain mastery over their lives and the lives of their communities”

Answer 11

Empowerment

Question 12

“Bottom-up efforts of people taking collective actions on their own behalf, and they involve the use of a sophisticated blend of confrontation and cooperation in order to achieve their ends”

Answer 12

Grassroots participation

Question 13

The methods of professional change that deal with issues beyond the individual, family, and small group level

Answer 13

Macro practice

Question 14

“Community organizing should ‘start where the people are and engage community members as equals”

Answer 14

Participation and relevance

Question 15

“Processes and conditions among people and organizations that lead to their accomplishing a goal of mutual social benefit, usually characterized by interrelated constructs of trust, cooperation, civic engagement, and reciprocity, reinforced by networking”

Answer 15

Social capital

Question 16

The heart of this strategy is data. By using data, community and public health workers generate persuasive rationales that lead toward proposing and enacting particular solutions.

Answer 16

Planning and Policy practices

Question 17

Based on empowering those impacted by a problem with knowledge and skills to understand the problem and then work cooperatively together to deal with the problem.

Answer 17

Community Capacity Development

Question 18

Used to address a problem through the application of pressure, including confrontation, on those who have created the problem or stand as a barrier to a solution to the problem. This strategy creates conflict.

Answer 18

Social Advocacy

Question 19

The process of community organizing/building begins when someone recognizes that a problem exists in a community and decides to do something about it. This person (or persons) is referred to as the initial organizer.

Answer 19

RECOGNIZING THE ISSUE

Question 20

A process that begins with those whoare affected by the problem/concern, those who initiate community organization that are members of the community.

Answer 20

Grassroots

Question 21

When individuals from outside the community initiate community organization.

Answer 21

Top-down organization

Question 22

This step may or may not be needed depending on the status of the initial organizer. If the initial organizer is from outside the community this step is a critical process. This may be the most crucial step in the whole process.

Answer 22

GAINING ENTRY INTO THE COMMUNITY

Question 23

Those who control, both formally and informally, the political climate of the community.

Answer 23

Gatekeepers

Question 24

Obtaining the support of community members to deal with the problem. Best to begin by organizing those who are already interested in seeing that the problem is solved.

Answer 24

ORGANIZING THE PEOPLE

Question 25

Core group of community members, the backbone of the workforce and will end up doing the majority of the work.

Answer 25

Executive participants

Question 26

A temporary group that is brought together for dealing with a specific problem.

Answer 26

Task force

Question 27

Formal alliance of organizations that come together to work for a common goal.

Answer 27

Coalition

Question 28

An orientation to practice focused on community, rather than a strategic framework or approach, and on building capacities, not fixing problems.

Answer 28

Community building

Question 29

Is a process by which data about the issues of concern are collected and analyzed.

Answer 29

Needs assessment

Question 30

Is a process of identifying community assets, not concerns or problems.

Answer 30

Mapping community capacity

Question 31

are the most accessible assets and capacities. It can be organized into the assets and capacities of individuals and those of organizations or associations.

Answer 31

Primary building blocks

Question 32

are assets located in the neighborhood but largely controlled by people outside

Answer 32

Secondary building blocks

Question 33

are resources originating outside the neighborhood and controlled by people outside. The least accessible assets.

Answer 33

Potential building blocks

Question 34

includes identifying and collecting the necessary resources for implementation and creating the appropriate timeline

Answer 34

IMPLEMENTING THE PLAN

Question 35

Involves comparing the long-term health and social outcomes of the process to the goals that were set in an earlier step

Answer 35

EVALUATING THE OUTCOMES OF THE PLAN OF ACTION

Question 36

Process to rethink or rework before proceeding onward in their plan

Answer 36

LOOPING BACK

Question 37

any combination of planned learning experiences using evidence-based practices and/or sound theories that provide the opportunity to acquire knowledge, attitudes, and skills needed to adopt and maintain health behaviors.

Answer 37

Health education

Question 38

any planned combination of educational, political, environmental, regulatory, or organizational mechanisms that support actions and conditions of living conducive to the health of individuals, groups, and communities.

Answer 38

Health promotion

Question 39

a process by which an intervention is planned to help meet the needs of a priority population.

Answer 39

Program planning

Question 40

The process of identifying, analyzing, and prioritizing the needs of a priority population.

Answer 40

Needs assessment

Question 41

An activity or activities designed to create change in people. Planned actions designed to prevent disease or injury or promote health in the priority population.

Answer 41

Intervention

Question 42

The number of components or activities that make up the intervention or the size of the intervention.

Answer 42

Multiplicity

Question 43

The number of program units delivered as part of the intervention

Answer 43

Dose

Question 44

Recommendations for interventions based on critical review of multiple research and evaluation studies that substantiate the efficacy of the intervention.

Answer 44

Best practices

Question 45

Intervention strategies used in prior or existing programs that have not gone through the critical research and evaluation studies and thus fall short of best practice criteria.

Answer 45

Best experience

Question 46

Original intervention strategies that the planners create based on their knowledge and skills of good planning processes including the involvement of those in the priority population and the use of theories and models.

Answer 46

Best processes

Question 47

The moment of truth, the actual carrying out or putting into practice the activity or activities that make up the intervention

Answer 47

Implementation

Question 48

A trial run of an intervention. It is when the intervention is presented to just a few individuals who are either from the intended priority population or from a very similar population.

Answer 48

Pilot test

Question 49

Implementation of an intervention with a series of small groups instead of the entire population.

Answer 49

Phasing in

Question 50

Determining the value or worth of an object of interest by comparing it against a standard of acceptability.

Answer 50

Evaluation

Question 51

A comparative mandates, values, norms, comparison/control groups, and the “how much” in an objective for the program.

Answer 51

Standard of acceptability

Question 52

The evaluation that is conducted during the planning and implementing processes to improve or refine the program.

Answer 52

Formative evaluation

Question 53

The evaluation that determines the effect of a program on the priority population.

Answer 53

Summative evaluation

Question 54

the evaluation that focuses on immediate observable effects of a program.

Answer 54

Impact evaluation

Question 55

the evaluation that focuses on the end result of the program.

Answer 55

Outcome evaluation