L4. Protein Synthesis Inhibitors

Question 1

• cycline

Answer 1

Tetracyclines

BS, Bind to 30S

Question 2

Minocycline, doxycycline

Answer 2

Tetracylines that cross BBB

“MINute DOCuments CYCLE easily into brain”

Question 3

Tigecycline

Answer 3

BS, Tetracycline to treat VRE, MRSA and ESBL

Last resort drug!

Question 4

Tetracycline SE

Answer 4

Food interactions (milk)
photosensitivity
vertigo
GI issue
teeth hypoplasia

CI: preg woman and children

Resistance: most common efflux pump
(Resistance to one doesn’t confer resistance to all)

Question 5

Chloramphenicol

Answer 5

BS, Bind to 50S

For life threatening - last resort infections

(Inhibit peptidyl transferase rxn)

Goes to CSF

SE: gray baby syndrome

Needs glucuronide for metabolism (in babies its less so toxic drug for them)

Question 6

• mycin

Answer 6

amino-glycosides

ES, Binds 30S

(Assembly of ribosomal apparatus/ misread genetic code)

Question 7

Amikacin

Answer 7

Aminoglycoside taken orally

Severe nephrotoxicity if not

Question 8

What’s so special about aminoglycosides?

Answer 8

Only bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor

Question 9

Aminoglycosides SE

Answer 9

Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity

Can inhibit CYP

Question 10

Aminoglycosides are —— based

Answer 10

Concentration based

Question 11

• thromycin

Answer 11

Macrolides and ketolides

EX, bind 50S (irreversibly)

Question 12

Erythromycin

Answer 12

1. Use when allergic to penicillin

2. Given after iliac surgery (act on motilin)

Question 13

Clathromycin

Answer 13

Used in triple therapy against H. Pylori

Amoxicillin, clathromycin and PPI

Question 14

Azithromycin

Answer 14

Used for resp pathogens

Doesn’t inhibit CYP

Question 15

Telithromycin

Answer 15

Hepatotoxic!

No longer used in US

Question 16

Macrolides and ketolides SE

Answer 16

Gastric distress and motility

QT elongation

Question 17

Clindamycin

Answer 17

NS, bind to 50S

Treats gram positive (including MRSA)

SE: C. Diff

Question 18

C diff treated with

Answer 18

Vancomycin

Question 19

• zolid

Answer 19

Oxazolidinones

NS, bind 50S

Gram positive

Question 20

Linezolid

Answer 20

NS, Oxazolidinone

Treats VRE

Question 21

Oxazolidinones

Answer 21

NS, bind 50S subunit

Used for gram positive (mainly for drug resistant gram positives - MRSA and VRE)

Have non selective monoamine oxidase

SE: Serotonin Syndrome, GI issues

Question 22

Whats so special about tetracycline resistance?

Answer 22

Resistance to one doesnt confer resistance to all