L35- Steroid Pharmacology (gluco/mineralo-corticoids)

Question 1

list the synthetic glucocorticoids

Answer 1

prednisone
methylprednisolone
dexamethasone
beclomethazone
tramcinolone

(natural = hydrocortisone)

Question 2

Synthetic Glucocorticoids:

• (slow/rapid) absorption + (short/long) duration of action
• (few/many) routes of administration
• (more/less) salt retaining effects than hydrocortisone

Answer 2

1- rapid, long (1/2 life)
2- many: IV, IM, topical, aerosol, intra-articularly
3- less

Question 3

list the synthetic glucocorticoids by route of administration

Answer 3

Oral- all
IM- all
IV- all except triamcinolone
Topical- all except prednisone
Aerosol- only beclomethasone, trimacinolone

Question 4

list effects of aldosterone receptor activation

Answer 4

(kidney)
-inc Na+/K+ ATPase expression
-inc ENaC expression
(inc Na reabsorption)

Question 5

Aldosterone:

• regulated via (1) in the body
• (2) main effects

Answer 5

1- RAAS, CRH, ACTH

2- helps control water volume and electrolytes:

• Na reabsorption
• K/H excretion

Question 6

list the mineralocorticoids

Answer 6

aldosterone

fludrocortisone (synthetic): more commonly prescribed

Question 7

mineralocorticoid AEs

Answer 7

• hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis

- inc plasma volume –> HTN

Question 8

list the short to medium acting glucocorticoids (include anti-inflammatory and salt-retaining influence)

Answer 8

Hydrocortisone: baseline

Prednisone: good anti-inflam, poor salt

Methylprednisolone: good anti-inflam, poor salt

Question 9

list the intermediate acting glucocorticoids (include anti-inflammatory and salt-retaining influence)

Answer 9

(hydrocortisone as baseline)

triamcinolone: good anti-inflam, NO salt

Question 10

list the long-acting glucocorticoids (include anti-inflammatory and salt-retaining influence)

Answer 10

(hydrocortisone as baseline)

Dexamethasone: great/best anti-inflam, NO salt

Question 11

list the mineralocorticoids (include anti-inflammatory and salt-retaining influence)

Answer 11

(hydrocortisone as baseline)
aldosterone: poor anti-inflam, strongest salt

fludrocorticosone: good inflam. great salt