L3: Unicellular organisms. Flashcards
What is a unicellular organism?
They are organisms made of only one single cell.
What must cell in a unicellular organism be able to do?
This one cell must be able to carry out all 7 life processes for the organism.
What are examples of unicellular organisms?
These can be: bacteria, some fungi (such as yeast) and protists (many different unicellular organisms like fungi, bacteria, protozoans or simple alga).
What is the life of a cell like?
It is a cycle: a cell cycle is all of the processes that take place in a cell up until the point where it divides into two. This makes two identical cells which then go through the same process and so on.
What are the three stages of the cell cycle?
Mitosis, cytokinesis, interphase.
What is mitosis?
This is the stage where the cell creates two new identical nuclei.
What is cytokinesis?
This is when the one original cell divides into two new cells that have the exact copy of the original cell DNA.
What is interphase?
This is the longest part of the cell cycle, the cell grows and develops and function parts in our body. The cell makes a duplicate of its DNA at the end of this phase.
How do unicellular organism make more organisms?
They divide themselves in a process called binary fission.
How does binary fission work?
The unicellular organism makes a copy of its genetic material and then splits into two.
How is binary fission and the cell cycle different?
They are different as binary fission is used to make another organism and reproduce, whereas the cell cycle is to make more cells.
What is inside of a bacterium cell?
Slime capsule, cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, genetic material (instead of the nucleus), plasmids and flagella.
What is inside of a yeast cell?
Cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, vacuole and ribosomes.
What is bigger, bacteria or yeast?
Yeast.
How does yeast reproduce?
By asexual budding.
