L3 - The Brain Flashcards
cortex (outer layer)
gyri, sulci, fissures
gyrus/gyri
a fold
sulcus/sulci
groove
fissure
deep groove
landmarks
precentral gyrus
central sulcus
postcentral gyrus
sylvian fissure/lateral sulcus
lobes
temporal
frontal
parietal
occipital
brain protection:
ventricles
filled with cerebo-spinal fluid (CSF)
function as shock absorber
help transport nutrients
brain protection
skull protects brain
layers of tissue protecting brain - meninges (Dura mater, Arachnoid membrane, Pia mater)
blood vessels bring nourishments & nutrients to brain
brain divisions:
forebrain = telenecephalon -> cortex, limbic system, basal ganglia
C -> frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital
LS -> cingulate, hippocampus, amygdala
BG -> caudate, globus pallidus, putamen
brain divisions:
forebrain = diencephalon
thalamus
hypothalamus
brain divisions:
midbrain
substantia nigra
colliculi
brain divisions:
hindbrain
cerebellum
pons
medulla oblongata
hindbrain functions
breathing
heart rate
motor control
midbrain functions
sensory relay stations - superior colliculi -> vision; inferrior colliculi -> audition
motor control
diencephalon functions
thalamus: sensory switchboard - directing sensory info to different areas of cortex
hypothalamus:
hormone control
sexual behaviour
hunger, thirst
basal ganglia functions
voluntary motor control
learning & memory
disorders: parkinson’s & tourettes
occipital lobe
visual cortex
parietal lobe
attention
spatial perception
number processing
temporal lobe
auditory cortex
language
memory
frontal lobe
attention
planning
decision making
emotion regulation
language
