L3: staph and strep bacteria

Question 1

Genus Staphylococcus is gram stain??

Answer 1

positive

Question 2

Genus Staphylococcus shape?

Answer 2

cocci in pairs or clumps

Question 3

Genus Staphylococcus catalase?

Answer 3

postive, oxidize negative

Question 4

What are the 3 types of Genus Staphylococcus diseases?

Answer 4

1) Skin diseases (superficial)
2) opportunistic organ diseases
3) Toxemias

Question 5

What are the 5 skin factors to prevent unwanted colonization?

Answer 5

1) low moisture content / dry
2) lactic acid in sweat and produced by the skin bacteria – important to note that at this pH mutualistic flora flourish but nit pathogenic bacteria
3) lipids, lysozymes, defensins
4) dead keratinocytes slough and physically remove colonizing bacteria
5) skin is cooler than normal body temperature

Question 6

What are the 2 skin diseases associated with genus Staphylococcus?

Answer 6

1) S. pseudointermedius

2) S. aureus (resident species)

Question 7

What are the 3 opportunistic organ diseases associated with genus Staphylococcus?

Answer 7

1) S. pseudointermedius
2) S. aureus (resident species)
3) S. epidermidis

Question 8

What type of Staphylococcus causes Staphylococcal food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome are seen in humans due to enterotoxins released by some strains of S. aureus.

Answer 8

Toxaemias

Question 9

Treatment of Staphylococcus?

Answer 9

Antibiotic treatment but antibiotic resistant strains common!!!

Question 10

Genus Streptococcus is gram stain?

Answer 10

positive

Question 11

What shapes are produced in Genus Streptococcus?

Answer 11

cocci in chains

Question 12

Genus Streptococcus catalase?

Answer 12

negative

Question 13

What are some diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissues in staphylococcus

Answer 13

pustular diseases such as pyoderma and folliculitis

Question 14

List some diseases that are infectious of other organ systems in staphylococcus

Answer 14

UTIs, mastitis, arthritis, otitis externa

Question 15

List some examples of toxemias in staphylococcus:

Answer 15

food poisoning or toxic shock syndrome

Question 16

What are clinical signs of toxemias in staphylococcus:

Answer 16

severe diarrhea, nausea, and intestinal cramping

Question 17

Diagnosis of toxemias in staphylococcus:

Answer 17

swabs of pus or tissue at post mortem specimens & lab tests (hemolysis pattern on blood agar)

Question 18

Treatment for toxemias in staphylococcus:

Answer 18

-antibiotic treatment but antibiotic resistance strains common

Question 19

List some diseases produced by streptococcus:

Answer 19

-Upper respiratory infections with lymphadenitis (strangles example)

S. zooepidemicus diseases produced:
-Neonatal septicemia (naval ill) and respiratory tract infections

• Joint infection, polyarthritis
• Fibrinous pericarditis and pleuritis, and pneumonia in sheep
• secondary respiratory infections
• bovine mastitis
• Primary meningitis

Question 20

S. agalactiae is associated with?

Answer 20

• Streptococcus

- associated with mammary gland with infection occurring in teat canal

Question 21

Primary meningitis occurs in?

Answer 21

young pigs caused by S. suis

Question 22

Diagnosis of streptococcus:

Answer 22

swabs of pus or tissue at post mortem specimens & lab tests

(hemolysis pattern on blood agar)

Question 23

Treatment of streptococcus:

Answer 23

• antibiotics
• isolation of infected animal
• decontamination of environment

Question 24

What is the role of skin flora?

Answer 24

PROTECTION by preventing colonization of pathogenic organisms.

Question 25

How does the skin flora prevent colonization of pathogenic organisms:

Answer 25

• Competing for nutrients and receptors
• Secreting chemicals against them
• Stimulating the skin’s immune system

Question 26

What can occur if the skin flora is hypersensitive?

Answer 26

Atopic dermatitis (AD)