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Bacteriology > Bacteria L2 > Flashcards

Bacteria L2 Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the method of bacterial replication:

A

REPRODUCE BY BINARY FISSION
1) cell elongates and DNA is replicated

2) cell wall and plasma membrane begin to divide causing a new cell wall to grow inward
3) cross wall forms completely around divided DNA – nuclear material distributed
4) cells separate and cells membrane constricts

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2
Q

Types of media for growth for bacteria:

A

1) liquid (broth) or semisolid media (agar plate)
2) basal media
3) selective media
4) differential media
5) enrichment bacteria

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3
Q

bacterias that are hard to grow so additional growth factors have been added

A

enrichment bacteria

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4
Q

allows for growth of more than one micro organism but with morphologically distinguishable colonies

A

differential media

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5
Q

encouraged to grow the things we want to see but suppress the the growth of other things

A

selective media

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6
Q

boiled meat or veggie proteins

A

basal media

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7
Q

grow only in the presence of air or free oxygen

A

obligate or strict aerobes

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8
Q

require low concentration of oxygen (2-10%) for growth but high concentrations are inhibitory

A

microaerobic

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9
Q

grow only in the absence of oxygen

A

obligate anaerobes

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10
Q

cannot use oxygen to transform energy but can grow in its presence

A

aerotolerant anaerobes

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11
Q

grow with or without oxygen but generally better with oxygen

A

facultative anaerobes

^^see this one the most in vet clinics^^

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12
Q

cold loving bacteria -5 to +15 degrees C

A

Psychrophiles

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13
Q

grow best at moderate temperatures 25C - 45C

A

Mesophiles

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14
Q

heat loving bacteria 45C - 70C

A

Thermophiles

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15
Q

Grow at very high temperatures 70C-110C

A

hyperthermophiles

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16
Q

grow best at pH range 5-8 (vaginal mucosa)

A

Neurophiles

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17
Q

grow best at pH below 5.5 (around the stomach)

A

acidophiles

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18
Q

grow best at pH above 8.5 (eye ducts)

A

allaliphiles

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19
Q

List the 4 types of bacterial toxins

A

1) exotoxins
2) endotoxins
3) enterotoxins
4) hydrolytic enzymes

20
Q

protein toxins usually secreted from a living bacterium but also released upon bacterial lysis

A

exotoxins

21
Q

can cause damage to the host by destroying cells or disrupting normal cellular metabolism

A

exotoxins

22
Q

highly potent

A

exotoxins

23
Q

Cell wall of gram negatives

A

endotoxins

24
Q

lipid A has most biological activity

A

endotoxins

25
Q

host cell death or damage

A

enterotoxins

26
Q

a number of bacteria produce exotoxins that bind to the cells of the small intestine causing loss of electrolytes and water that results in diarrhea

A

enterotoxins

27
Q

enzymes that start to separate your skin; flesh eating bacteria

A

hydrolytic enzymes

28
Q

destroys RBC membrane, cellular proteins, DNA, and fibrin

A

hydrolytic enzymes

29
Q

bacteria that can exist without a cell wall

A

protoplasts

30
Q

can be created with antibiotic and enzyme lysozyme

A

protoplasts

31
Q

removing agent can allow reversion back to original state as bacteria

A

protoplasts

32
Q

the smallest free living organisms that we know

A

mycoplasmas

33
Q

mycoplasmas have or don’t have a true cell wall?

A

DO NOT have a true cell wall

34
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: mycoplasmas only have a cytoplasmic membrane

A

TRUE

35
Q

Mycoplasmas have a ____internal structure

A

prokaryotic

36
Q

What is considered one of the more pathogenic species of mycoplasmas?

A

Mycoplasma Bovis

37
Q

Describe the acid-fast cell wall:

A

unique cell wall which resists decolorization with acid-alcohol and stain red whereas all other bacteria will be stained blue

38
Q

What makes the bacteria resistant to penetration by ordinary dyes?

A

The high lipid content of the cell wall makes the bacteria resistant to penetration by ordinary dyes and relatively impermeable to nutrients and chemical agents.

39
Q

A waxy lipid called mycolic acid makes up about 60% of the wall. The cell wall also consists of peptidoglycan, glycolipids and arabinogalactan.

A

acid-fast cell wall

40
Q

posses a thin cell wall resembling gram negative bacteria

A

***intracellular bacteria

41
Q

requires complex nutrients from host cell as cannot grow on artificial media

A

***intracellular bacteria

42
Q

how does intracellular bacteria multiply?

A

multiplies by binary fission

43
Q

The organisms grow slowly and more resistant to chemical agents and lysosomal components of phagocytes than most bacteria

A

acid-fast cell wall

44
Q

intracellular bacteria contain muramic acid but no ___ acid

A

teichoic

45
Q

Examples of Intracellular Bacteria:

A
  • Typhus
  • Q fever
  • Chlamydiae

Bacteriology (4 decks)

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