L3 Immunodeficiency and Autoimmunity

Question 1

What are the two major sides of the immune system?

Answer 1

Innate and adaptive

Question 2

Physical and chemical barriers are features of which side of the immune system?

Answer 2

Innate

Question 3

A breakdown of self-tolerance results in _____.

Answer 3

autoimmune disease

Question 4

Which of the following causes or contributes to autoimmune disease:

A) Genetics
B) Immune Regulation
C) Environment
D) All of the above

Answer 4

D) All of the above

Question 5

True or false: Type 1 diabetes, Grave’s disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus are all ‘organ-specific autoimmune diseases.

Answer 5

False.

T1 Diabetes and Grave’s disease are organ-specific, as is multiple sclerosis.

SLE is a systemic autoimmune disorder.

Question 6

True or false: Systemic lupus erythematosus and Rheumatoid arthritis are both systemic autoimmune disorders.

Answer 6

True.

Question 7

Which autoimmune disease is characterised by the following:

• Destruction of thyroid follicles
• Autoantibodies to thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase
• Hypothyroidism

Answer 7

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

Question 8

Which autoimmune is characterised by the following:

• Inappropriate stimulation of thyroid gland by anti-TSH-autoantibody
• Hyperthyroidism

Answer 8

Grave’s Disease

Question 9

Which autoimmune disease could this be:

• Fever
• Fatigue
• Joint and muscle aches
• Butterfly rash

Answer 9

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Question 10

What diagnostic tests are used when testing for autoimmune disorders?

Answer 10

• Inflammatory markers
• Autoantibody testing
• HLA typing

Question 11

Which of the following are connective tissue diseases?

A) Systemic lupus erythematosus
B) Scleroderma
C) Polymyositis
D) Sjogrens syndrome

Answer 11

Actually, all of them are

Question 12

What can cause primary immunodeficiency?

Answer 12

Genetic defects

in individual components of the immune system

Question 13

What can cause secondary (or acquired) immunodeficiency?

Answer 13

Stress

Surgery

Burns

Malnutrition

Cancer (esp. lymphoproliferative)

Immunosuppressant drugs

Irradiation

AIDS

Infections

Question 14

If a child had primary immunodeficiency, what would you expect their Ig levels to be like?

Answer 14

• Often normal IgG (given from mother)
• No/low IgA and IgM

These would indicate a problem with the B-cells, as they should be making Ig’s