L3 Body Fluids Flashcards

1
Q

Distribution of Body Water

Total body water (TBW)

A

TBW = ICF + ISF + plasma
60-40-20 rule (% distribution)

TBW=60% body weight
ICF=40% body weight
ECF=20% body weight

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2
Q

How does water content correlate to body fat stores?

A

Inversely

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3
Q

Total body water =

A

0.7LBM + 0.1AT

Lean body mass (kg)
Adipose tissue (kg)
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4
Q

If you don’t know LBM..

A

TBW= 0.6(weight kg)

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5
Q

At equilibrium all body water compartments have

A

The same osmolarity

It’s estimated from plasma osmolarity

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6
Q

Estimating plasma osmolarity equation

A

Osmolarity =
(2Na+)+ (glucose/18) + (BUN/2.8)

BUN= blood urea nitrogen

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7
Q

Capillary endothelium and most cell membranes are

A

Permeable to water

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8
Q

Plasma, interstitial fluid, and ICF have

A

Same osmolarity at equilibrium

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9
Q

To maintain equality

A

Water shifts between compartments

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10
Q

Electrolytes (Na+)

A

Do not cross cell membranes

Confined to ECF

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11
Q

Any loss or gain of water and/or electrolytes must initially occur where?

A

ECF

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12
Q

What are three things that can be measured that will give information about current hydration status of a patient?

A

Total body water

Total plasma protein

Hematocrit

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13
Q

Hematocrit

A

Percentage of plasma that is taken up by red blood cells

=height RBCs/total height

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14
Q

Changes in ECF causes what changes in hematocrit?

A

Dilution

Concentration

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15
Q

Changes in ICF cause RBCs to?

A

Swell or shrink

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16
Q

Changes in both ECF and ICF have what effect on hematocrit?

A

Additive and cancelling effects

17
Q

What happens when you gain an isotonic fluid?

A

Isosmotic volume expansion

18
Q

What happens when you lose an isotonic solution?

A

Isosmotic volume contraction

19
Q

What happens when you gain a hypotonic solution?

A

Hypotonic volume expansion

20
Q

What happens when you lose a hypotonic solution?

A

Hyperosmotic volume contraction

21
Q

What happens when you gain sodium?

A

Hyperosmotic volume expansion

22
Q

What happens when you lose sodium?

A

Hyposmotic volume contraction

23
Q

What happens when you infuse isotonic glucose?

A

Hypotonic volume expansion

24
Q

Body fluid shifts that cause volume contraction?

A

Diarrhea
Water deprivation
Aldosterone insufficiency

25
Body fluid shifts that cause volume expansion?
Infusion of isotonic NaCl Higher NaCl intake Pure water intake
26
Isosmotic means
No change in osmolarity of ECF
27
Hyperosmotic means
Increase in osmolarity of ECF
28
Hyposmotic means
Decrease in osmolarity of ECF