L21 Demographic measures and population health Flashcards
What is population structure?
The populations sorted by age and sex
What is population composition?
The populations sorted by attributes other than age and sex e.g. ethnicity
What is a population pyramid?
Graph acting as a visual representation of population structure
What are the main population data sources in NZ?
Census IDI HSU ERP Vital events
What is census?
A nationwide survey occuring every 5 years
What is ERP?
Estimated resident population - estimate of number of people living in NZ at a given date
What is vital events?
Data on births, deaths and marriages managed by department of internal affairs
What is HSU?
Health service utilisation and outcomes - ministry of health record people who interact with health system
What is IDI?
The integrated data infrastructure - combination of multiple government data sets
de-identified
requires interaction with health,education,tax,police,social development,ACC services
What are advantages of using IDI?
The data is de-identified, linkable and accessed safely
What are some factors to consider when collecting data?
Ethics and data privacy
Purpose of data collection vs use in analysis (may not match)
Population vs samples of population
Are the participants representative of NZ population
Objective vs subjective measures of health
How do events determine population structure?
Changes in fertility, migration and mortality events will affect age-sex structure
how does population structure determine events?
Aging population will have increased mortality for example
What is a dependency ratio?
Proportion of children (aged 1-14) and elderly (aged 65+) who depend on the working (15-64) population
What are the types of ethnic coding in NZ?
Total response and prioritised response
What is a prioritised output?
A person is counted for based on a single ethnicity based on a list of priority set by the government
What are advantages of prioritised output?
Ensure groups that are in need of policy importance or small sized are not swamped out by NZ european ethnic group
Data is easy to interpret as each individual only counted once
What are disadvantages of prioritised output?
Leads to over-representation of some groups = under representation of other groups
Does not align with concept of self-identification (one can consider themselves to belong to multiple ethinicities)
What is a total response output?
A person is counted for all ethnicities they choose to identify with
What are advantages of total response output?
Will not lead to any under representation
What are disadvantages of total response output?
Hard to interpret as one person is counted in multiple ethnic groups
Funding based on population numbers in ethnic groups becomes complex
What are the types of ageing?
Numerical ageing
Structural ageing
What is numerical ageing?
The absolute increase in the number of elderly
What is structural ageing?
The increase in the proportion of elderly people
