L20 GIT + oral Flashcards
What is the gross appearance of oral squamous cell carcinoma?
- Masses with necrosis
- Ulcers
- Rolled borders
What is the microscopic feature of oral SCC
- Keratinising growth pattern
- Moderate atypia at base
- Irregular and infiltrative stromal invasion
What type of SCC has the highest rate for metastases of all intraoral cancers?
Tongue
What is the most common salivary gland tumour?
Pleomorphic adenoma
What are the aetiology of acute gastritis?
- Altered physiology
- Severe stress (trauma, burns, surgery)
- Ischemia - Infective - salmonella sepsis
- Mechanical trauma (nasogastric tube)
- Chemical causes (NSAID, alcohol, chemotheraphy)
What is the most common cause of CHRONIC gastritis
H. pylori
What are the microscopic findings of chronic gastritis?
- Infiltrate of plasma cells, lymphocytes
- Reduced cytoplasmic mucin, atrophy, nuclear enlargement
- Intestinal metaplasia
[T/F] peptic ulcer is more common is duodenum than stomach
T
What are the gross appearance of gastric ulcer?
- Round to oval, sharply demarcated, punched out defect
- Mucosal margin might overhang the base slightly
- Variable depth
- Base is smooth and clean
- Scarring and puckering of the wall
What are the microscopic appearance of peptic ulcer
- Surface zone of fibrinopurulent exudate
- Acidophilic layer of necrotic tissue
- Zone of granulation tissue
- Zone of dense scar tissue
What are the risk factors of gastric carcinoma
- Diet
- Nitrites in preserved food
- Smoked and salted food, pickles
- Lack of fresh fruit and veggies
What are the microscopic features of
1) intestinal gastric carcinoma
2) diffuse gastric carcinoma
1) - polypoidal mass present
- clearly demarcated pushing border
2) - absense of polypoidal mass, instead, the mucosal surface looks rough and wrinkled
- invasion of the whole gastric lining
- Thickening of the muscle
- signet ring cells present
