L2 Introduction to Physiology

Question 1

Pathophysiology

Answer 1

The mechanism by which a disease process causes the organ to fail

Question 2

Homeostasis

Answer 2

regulation of the cell’s or the body’s internal environment (= extracellular fluid) so that it tends to maintain a stable, constant condition

Question 3

Baroreceptors

Answer 3

sensors that control blood pressure

Question 4

Carbonic anhydrase and H+

Answer 4

Contributes indirectly to H+ crossing cell membrane (& across epithelia)

H+ is charged and cannot cross readily cross cell membranes

CO2 is uncharged and readily crosses the membrane

Question 5

Carbonic anhydrase and CO2

Answer 5

Helps indirectly to transport CO2 around body

CO2 is poorly soluble in blood

H+ and HCO3- are highly soluble

Question 6

Branches of physiology

Answer 6

○ Plant physiology, animal physiology, human physiology
○ Comparative physiology
○ Applied physiology
○ Systems physiology (e.g. cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, neuro-)
General physiology (e.g. cell physiology; closely related to biophysics and biochemistry)