L2: fam care, etc... Flashcards

1
Q

Cultural awareness vs. cultural sensitivivty vs, cultural competence vs Cultural humility

A

Cultural awareness: Being aware of differences across cultures
Cultural sensitivity: understanding the impact of changing your care based on cultural awareness.
Cultural competence: developing skills to provide culturally appropriate care. You can never be truly competent.
Cultural humility: constantly learning about cultures. you will never be an expert but you are open to learning

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2
Q

There are different ways to approach family care. Explain the following approaches

  1. Family as context
  2. Family as client
A
  • Family as context: in this approach, the nurse focuses on an individual member and the family as their background. Nurse investigates the effect the family has on the individual pt. There is a range of how much the family is incorporated into the care of plan
  • Family as client: The nurse focuses on the family as a whole. focus is on how the pt interacts with their family members. There is an interactional system meaning what happens to one member affects the rest.
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3
Q

As nurses, we use theories to guide our care for families. The most notable theories are the systems theory and the Calgary family assessment model. Explain them.

A

Systems theory: This uses the family as the client approach. But also, incorporates the idea that family is a subsystem within a suprasystem. The family reacts to stimulators from the bigger system. The stability (homeostasis) can be lost or regained.

CFAM: This is a model that helps a nurse organize what areas to delve into. It divides the aspects of the family into structural, developmental and functions.
- Structural: The family and their environment. Internal (Fam members), External (extended fam and community), Context (SES, race, religion, etc…)
- Developmental: In this, we look into stages of the family (i.e. couple with no kids, older couple with empty nest, etc..), attachments, tasks (role of each member)
- Functional: instrumental (ADL roles of members) and expressive (communicative roles of members)
CfAM is followed by CFIM (Interventions instead of assessment) which gives nurses communicative interventions for the family.

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4
Q

What is Nagele’s rule?

A

A way to calculate EDB (expected date of birth.) The rule is to subtract 3 months, add 7 days and add a year. Or add 9 months and 7 days.

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5
Q

T or F: ultrasound EDB overrules Nagele’s rule

A

True it is more accurate

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6
Q

Name the three nursing care priorities to preconception

A

Addressing health promotions, health risks, and devising interventions for those

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7
Q

Describe fertilization

A

Fertilization is when a sperm and egg meet to create a zygote in the outer fallopian tube. The cells divides into smaller cells and make a marula (a solid ball )

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8
Q

Describe the implantation stage of pregnancy

A

After fertilization, the marula travels to the ovary and implants itself into the upper, posterior ovary wall (now called decidua). The ball (blastocyte now) turns into the maternal part of the placenta.

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9
Q

During implantation, the area under the blastocyte is called the decidua ____

A

basalis

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10
Q

Whats is the Zygote stage

A

2 week period consisting of fertilization and implantion

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11
Q

Describe the embryonic stage

A

It is from zygote to 8th week of pregnancy. The head forms first followed by the heart which completes in the 8th week. Arm and leg buds appear too.

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12
Q

The embryonic heart begins to beat in the __ week

A

4-5th week of pregnancy

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13
Q

Describe the Fetal stage.

A

Is the 9th to 39th weeks of pregnancy. In this stage the fetus grows and adds things to live outside (lanugo and vernix for insulation, etc…).

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14
Q

When do lungs begin to secrete surfactant in the fetal stage?

A

21-24wks

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15
Q

Fetal movement is detected at

A

17-20 wks

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16
Q

What deviations could be expected in the prenatal trimesters

A

During the zygotic stage, spontaneous abortion is common.
The embryonic stage is susceptible to Major congenital anomalies.
The fetal stage is susceptible to minor anomalies and functional defects.

17
Q

Quickening means

A

fetal movement felt outside. Found later when placenta is implanted on anterior wall. Found later in first born relative to not first born

18
Q

At what weeks are the fetuses considered viable. (can live outside)

A

24 weeks or more

19
Q

True or false: teratogens are less damaging during the embryonic stage

A

False. The fetus is less likely to develop serious defects during the fetal stage relative to the embryonic stage.

20
Q

What are should pregnant women avoid in terms of nutrition

A

Pregnant women should eat a balanced diet that is low in sodium, sugars, saturated fat, and not highly processed.

21
Q

What are pregnant women encouraged to eat

A

Women should incorporate protein and omega-3-fatty acids into their diet. Stay hydrated. Important minerals to consume are iron, calcium, and folic acid (for neural development)

22
Q

T or F: Someone with a higher BMI should gain less weight than someone with a lower BMI

A

true

23
Q

Why is there special consideration for nutrition in pregnant adolescents

A

Teenagers are still growing so they have to eat enough for themselves and the baby. They also have a changing body image which could lead to mental disorders

24
Q

Name a bacteria that could be harmful to the baby if the mother ingested it

A

Listeria. Women should be cautious of food poisoning bc some bacterias can pass through the placenta.

25
Q

What is the recommended weight gain during pregnancy for someone with a normal BMI

A

25-35lb

26
Q

What is recommended for nutrition while lactating

A

Low caffeine, no alcohol, or smoking