L2 Abdominal Anatomy Flashcards
3 Ways the Abdomen is a Flexible Container
- Flexible Protection
- Contract to generation pressure differential
- Expand to accommodate
Give the 9 Abdominal Regions.
Right Hypochondrium
Right Flank
Right Injuinal
Epigastric
Umbilical
Pubic
Left Hypochondriac
Left Flank
Left Inginunat
Bony Landmarks of Abdomen
Anterior/Superior illiac spine
Costal margin
Pubic tubercle
Muscles surrounding the Abdomen
Roof: Diagram
Posterior: Quadratus Lumborum
Side: Psoas Major/Minor + Illiacus
Floor: Pelvic Floor
Skin to Peritoneal Cavity in 7 Layers
Skin
Camper Fascia (Fatty)
Scarpa Fascia (Membranous)
Deep Fascia (External Oblique, Internal Oblique, Transversuss Abdominus)
Transversalis Facia
Extraperitoneal Fat
Parietal Peritoneum
Anterolateral Musculature: 5 principal muscles
Anterolateral Musculature: 5 principal muscles
3 flat
- External oblique
- Internal oblique
- Transversus abdominus
•2 vertical
- Rectus abdominis
- Pyramidalis
Characteristics/Role of the External Oblique Muscle?
Largest and most superficial muscle
Compresses and supports viscera
Flexion and lateral rotation of trunk
What does the Aponeuroses of the External Oblique form?
- Inferiorly forms inguinal ligament
- Defect forms superficial inguinal ring
Characteristics/Role of the Internal Oblique Muscles?
Compresses and supports viscera
Flexion and lateral rotation of trunk
Apnoneuroses of the Transversus Abdominis
Aponeuroses
- Form basis of rectus sheath
- Contribute to conjoint tendon
Aponeuroses of the Rectus Abdominus?
Interrupted by tendinous intersections.
What is this?
Rectus Sheath
Relationship of Linea Alba with Rectus Sheath?
Above Umbilicus: Embedding rectus abdominis superiorly
Below Umbilicus: Linea Alba is Anterior to rectus abdominis inferiorly
Main Anterolateral Muscles?
Rectus Abdominis
Tranversus Abdominis
Internal Oblique
External Oblique
What lies behind the muscles of the anterolateral wall?
Behind the muscle lies;
- Transversalis fascia
- Extraperitoneal fat
- Parietal peritoneum-5 fossa forming folds
What transverses between the superficial andDeep Inguinal RIng?
What transverses between the superficial and Deep Inguinal Ring?
Anterolateral Wall Arterial Supply?
Identify:
- Superior/Inferior epigastric
- Deep/Superficial circumflex iliac
- Superficial epigastric
- Superior epigastric FROM internal thoracic
- Inferior epigastric FROM external iliac
- Deep circumflex iliac FROM external iliac
- Superficial circumflex iliac FROM femoral artery
- Superficial epigastric FROM femoral artery
Nerves of the Anterolateral Wall?
Anterior rami of T7-T12 and L1
Point of entry to and exit from abdominal cavity?
Importance?
The Inguinal Region
- Point of entry to and exit from abdominal cavity
- Clinically important re:herniation
What direction does the inguinal canal covey structures? What structures are conveyed?
Canal conveys structures deep to superficial-from the abdominal cavity across the abdominal wall
Structures:
Spermatic cord
Round ligament of uterus
Boundaries of the Inguinal Canal?
