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SEM3: ANAT20160 GI/GU Structure > L2 Abdominal Anatomy > Flashcards

L2 Abdominal Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

3 Ways the Abdomen is a Flexible Container

A
  • Flexible Protection
  • Contract to generation pressure differential
  • Expand to accommodate
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2
Q

Give the 9 Abdominal Regions.

A

Right Hypochondrium

Right Flank

Right Injuinal

Epigastric

Umbilical

Pubic

Left Hypochondriac

Left Flank

Left Inginunat

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3
Q

Bony Landmarks of Abdomen

A

Anterior/Superior illiac spine

Costal margin

Pubic tubercle

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4
Q

Muscles surrounding the Abdomen

A

Roof: Diagram

Posterior: Quadratus Lumborum

Side: Psoas Major/Minor + Illiacus

Floor: Pelvic Floor

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5
Q

Skin to Peritoneal Cavity in 7 Layers

A

Skin

Camper Fascia (Fatty)

Scarpa Fascia (Membranous)

Deep Fascia (External Oblique, Internal Oblique, Transversuss Abdominus)

Transversalis Facia

Extraperitoneal Fat

Parietal Peritoneum

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6
Q

Anterolateral Musculature: 5 principal muscles

A

Anterolateral Musculature: 5 principal muscles

3 flat

  • External oblique
  • Internal oblique
  • Transversus abdominus

•2 vertical

  • Rectus abdominis
  • Pyramidalis
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7
Q

Characteristics/Role of the External Oblique Muscle?

A

Largest and most superficial muscle

Compresses and supports viscera

Flexion and lateral rotation of trunk

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8
Q

What does the Aponeuroses of the External Oblique form?

A
  • Inferiorly forms inguinal ligament
  • Defect forms superficial inguinal ring
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9
Q

Characteristics/Role of the Internal Oblique Muscles?

A

Compresses and supports viscera

Flexion and lateral rotation of trunk

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10
Q

Apnoneuroses of the Transversus Abdominis

A

Aponeuroses

  • Form basis of rectus sheath
  • Contribute to conjoint tendon
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11
Q

Aponeuroses of the Rectus Abdominus?

A

Interrupted by tendinous intersections.

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12
Q

What is this?

A

Rectus Sheath

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13
Q

Relationship of Linea Alba with Rectus Sheath?

A

Above Umbilicus: Embedding rectus abdominis superiorly

Below Umbilicus: Linea Alba is Anterior to rectus abdominis inferiorly

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14
Q

Main Anterolateral Muscles?

A

Rectus Abdominis

Tranversus Abdominis

Internal Oblique

External Oblique

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15
Q
A
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16
Q

What lies behind the muscles of the anterolateral wall?

A

Behind the muscle lies;

  1. Transversalis fascia
  2. Extraperitoneal fat
  3. Parietal peritoneum-5 fossa forming folds
17
Q

What transverses between the superficial andDeep Inguinal RIng?

A
17
Q

What transverses between the superficial and Deep Inguinal Ring?

A
18
Q

Anterolateral Wall Arterial Supply?

Identify:

  • Superior/Inferior epigastric
  • Deep/Superficial circumflex iliac
  • Superficial epigastric
A
  • Superior epigastric FROM internal thoracic
  • Inferior epigastric FROM external iliac
  • Deep circumflex iliac FROM external iliac
  • Superficial circumflex iliac FROM femoral artery
  • Superficial epigastric FROM femoral artery
19
Q

Nerves of the Anterolateral Wall?

A

Anterior rami of T7-T12 and L1

20
Q

Point of entry to and exit from abdominal cavity?

Importance?

A

The Inguinal Region

  • Point of entry to and exit from abdominal cavity
  • Clinically important re:herniation
21
Q
A
22
Q

What direction does the inguinal canal covey structures? What structures are conveyed?

A

Canal conveys structures deep to superficial-from the abdominal cavity across the abdominal wall

Structures:

Spermatic cord

Round ligament of uterus

23
Q

Boundaries of the Inguinal Canal?

A
24
Q

__________: Abnormal protrusion of a viscus through the wall of the cavity that normally contains it

A

Hernias: Abnormal protrusion of a viscus through the wall of the cavity that normally contains it

25
Q

What pulls the testes on their descent during development?

A

Gerbernaculum

26
Q

Causes of Indirect Inguinal Hernia?

A

Passage of Testes Through Inguinal Canal Leads to Development of Spermatic Fascia

27
Q

Direct v. Indirect Inguinal Hernia

A

Indirect: Genetic: Loop of intestine follows testes on their descent: Present at birth

Direct: COmmon in old age. Herneating bowel pushes through peritoneum and transversal to enter inguinal canal

28
Q
A

SEM3: ANAT20160 GI/GU Structure (10 decks)

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