L18: Basic Reproductive Sx (Case) Flashcards
gonadectomy
surgical removal of the reproductive organs (ovaries, testes)
-OVH and castration most common method and procedure in US
indications for elective gonadectomy
- pet overpopulation (>3 million dogs and cats euthanized in shelters annually)
- sex-based aggression
- mammary neoplasia (90% malignant in cats!)
- pyometra
- uterine/ovarian neoplasia
- prostatic disease
- perineal herniation
- testicular neoplasia
what % of intact female dogs get pyometras by 10yrs of age?
25%
what % uterine/ovarian neoplasia benign?
90%
T/F: risk of ovarian tumor small
T
-epithelial (adenoma or adenocarcinoma) or stromal (granulosa cell)
incidence of prostatic disease in intact dogs
50% by 5yrs
-ie. cysts, abscess
consequences of perineal herniation
- dyschezia, obstipation, fecal impaction, bladder retroflexion, tenesmus, rectal prolapse, incontinence, infection
- high surgical failure w/o castration
- 95% of those that get it are male and intact
- very common and extremely painful
prostatic neoplasia and elective castration
- study concluded that prostatic carcinoma/adenomacarcinoma 2.8x greater than intact, but was biased
- has low incidence to begin with
testicular neoplasia and elective castration
-sertoli cell, leydig and semimomas common, which is prevented and usually curative with castration since these tumors rarely spread
preparation for sx
-PE of CV, respiratory, hydration, body condition, and integument
pre-op diagnostics
PCV and TS
BG and BUN
Chemistry, CBC, and UA
ectoparasites, fecal exams and viral screens
complications of castration
- hemorrhage (hematoma 10%)
- urethral ligation
- prostatic ligation
- surgical site infection (rare)
how to tx hemorrhage in spayed female
-make incision bigger
-If R ovarian pedicle, use mesoduodenum to retract viscera
-soak up blood with lap pads, find pedicle and put ligature on it
(more common to have bleed/remnant on R side because it is tucked up higher in the abd)
-triple clamp with encircling ligature with transfixing ligature above it to minimize chance of bleed
more common for uterine a. to get ligated than ovarian a.
:)
incidence of surgical site infection
t need to put on prophylactic/therapeutic abx