L09: Abdominal Exploratory: Small Animal Sx (Johnson) Flashcards
advantages of laparotomy
- can do full thickness intestinal biopsies
- biopsy/excision of SP, LIV, Pancreas, KID, prostate
- ability to address/obtain hemostasis
- option for therapeutic intervention if indicated and can directly visualize (ie. splenectomy, liver lobectomy, intestinal resection/anastomosis, enterotomy)
disadv. of laparotomy
- inc. morbidity
- pain
- anesthetic risk
- cost
- dehiscence
- infection
diagnostic indications for laparotomy
- PLE (from IBD, lymphoma, etc.)
- Hepatopathy (form microvascular dysplasia, copper storage, etc.)
- suspected neoplasia (from mass effect)
therapeutic indications for laparotomy
Rads: free gas, dilated SI, FB, herniation, or GDV
Abdominocentesis:
-Blood: active clots
-Urine: inc. creatinine or K
-Cytology: intracellular bacteria (sepsis), bilirubin (GB rupture)
if abdominal bleeding due to splenic mass, will it clot?
NO
loss of cranial mesenteric artery –>
loss of 90% of blood supply to intestines
slip test with stomach**
serosa submucosa slides away and left holding serosa muscularis
L gutter
retroperitoneal space with colon and mesocolon retracted
Piker
rent in cranial abd. area and diaphragmatic hernia. Can’t ventilate w/o intact D b/c no neg. pressure to keep lungs inflated.
hemolymphatic system includes:
spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes
endocrine system includes:
pancreas, adrenals
organ systems
abdominal structure (D, abd. musculature) gastrointestinal urogenital hemolymphatic endocrine
cranial quadrant includes:
diaphragm
liver, GB
ST, pancreas
mid-abdomen includes
SP
intestine
mesenteric LN
caudal quadrant includes
colon
BL
prostate/uterus
