L17 - recognising written words Flashcards
what is the method for investigating word recognition
The lexical decision task
Task - ppts indicate if a letter string fros a real word or not
Analysis - error rate and correct response latencies
Factors - investigate a wide range of factors influencing word recognition
what’s the observation + reliability of the word frequency effect
Observation - readers are quicker to recognize common words than rare words (e.g., ANCIENT vs. ARCHAIC)
reliability - effect is consistently observed in lexical decision tasks
What is the semantic priming effect?
Task: Participants make lexical decisions to target words preceded by primes.
Types of Primes:
Semantically related (e.g., doctor - NURSE).
Unrelated (e.g., tractor - NURSE).
Result: Priming facilitates responses.
What are fixation durations?
Measure of eye fixation durations on a word are sensitive to word recognition processes
What is word frequency?
Fixation times for common words are shorter than for rare counterparts when controlling for word length and meaning
What are event-related potentials (EPRs) used for?
to measure brain responses to different word frequencies
What are the characteristics of automatic processes?
ask does not require attention.
Task is not under conscious control (cannot be stopped).
Task does not require processing capacity.
What is the stroop effect?
Task: Ignore the meaning of words and name the colors of the font.
Conclusion: Demonstrates that recognizing a word is not under conscious control.
what was found from the moving window task?
Minimal processing resources needed for reading
what was found from computational models?
Illustrate how word recognition occurs, integrating bottom-up and top-down processes
