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Anatomy Exam 3 > L16: Vertebral Column > Flashcards

L16: Vertebral Column Flashcards

1
Q

list the number of vertebrae in each of the vertebral groups

A 
7 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacral
3-4 coccygeal
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2
Q

arterial supply to cervical region

A

vertebral and cervical arteries

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3
Q

arterial supply to thoracic region

A

posterior intercostal arteries

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4
Q

arterial supply to lumbar region

A

subcostal and lumbar arteries

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5
Q

arterial supply to sacral region

A

iliolumbar arteries

medial and lateral sacral arteries

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6
Q

normal spine curvatures

A

primary and secondary curves

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7
Q

primary curve

A

present at birth
convex post.
location = thoracic and sacral

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8
Q

secondary curve

A

acquired after birth
concave post.
location = cervical and lumbar

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9
Q

list the types of abnormal curves

A

Kyphosis
lordosis
scoliosis

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10
Q

kyphosis

A

exaggerated primary curves

hunchback

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11
Q

lordosis

A

exaggerated secondary curves

extreme arched back

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12
Q

scoliosis

A

lateral curvature of spine

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13
Q

what is the centrum of a vertebrae

A

the body

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14
Q

pedicles

A

attach projections to centrum

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15
Q

laminae

A

roof of vertebral canal

located on post. surface

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16
Q

projecting processes of vertebrae

A

spinous process

transverse processes

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17
Q

articular facets of vertebrae

A
  • -sup. and inf. facets w/ next vertebrae

- -zygapophyses

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18
Q

costal facets of vertebrae

A

–on transverse process w/ rib tubercle of same number

–demifacets (half a facet) on centrums w/ heads of ribs

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19
Q

cervical vertebrae posses ____ foramens

A

transverse foramens

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20
Q

cervical vertebrae have no ____ processes

A

transverse processes

21
Q

atlas

A

C1
supports the head
has a lateral mass

22
Q

axis

A

C2

allows for head mvt

23
Q

point of mvt for axis

A

dens/odontoid process

point of rotation for the head

24
Q

cervical prominens

A

C7

first spinous process that is palpable

25
Q

cervical vertebrae spines bifid

A

C2-6

26
Q

centrum of thoracic vertebrae

A

heart shaped

27
Q

Atypical TV

A

TV1
has a complete costal facet for rib 1

and inferior demifacet for rib 2

instead of having two demifacets - sup. and inf.

28
Q

lumbar vertebrae centrums

A

large and bulky
w/ large, broad spinous processes

no ribs

29
Q

origin of multifidi muscle

A

mamillary processes

on back of each LV

30
Q

describe sacral vertebrae

A

consists of 5 fused vertebrae

31
Q

alae

A

Winglike processes of each SV fused together

attached to ilium

32
Q

sacral promontory

A

lip of centrum of SV1

33
Q

crests of SV

A

3 posterior crests
median crest
intermediate crest
lateral crest

34
Q

median crest

A

where spinous processes fused

35
Q

intermediate crest

A

where articular processes fused

36
Q

lateral crest

A

where transverse processes fused

37
Q

sacral hiatus

A

large U

cave like opening at bottom of posterior side of sacrum

38
Q

intervetrabral disc structure

A

annulus fibrosis - fibrocartilage

nucleus pulposus - avascular pulp

39
Q

motion segment

A

the functional unit of the spine

consisting of 2 vertebrae and tissue inbetween

40
Q

anterior motion segment

A

2 bodies, disc, longitudinal ligaments

41
Q

posterior motion segment

A

2 neural arches
apophyseal joints
intervening lig.

42
Q

list the 6 ligaments

A

ant. longitudinal
post. longitudinal
supra-spinous lig.
inter-spinous lig.
ligamentum flavum
inter-transverse lig.

43
Q

limits extension and reinforces anterior annulus fibers

A

anterior longitudinal lig.

44
Q

limits flexion and reinforces posterior annulus fibers

A

posterior longitudinal lig.

45
Q

ligamentum nuchae

A

nuchae = neck

supra-spinous lig.

46
Q

limits flexion and runs from base of one spinous process to tip of inferior spinous process

A

inter-spinous lig.

47
Q

limits flexion, extends from lamina to lamina

A

ligamentum flavum

forms part of roof of vertebral canal

48
Q

mostly in lumbar region and extends to transverse process to next transverse process

A

inter-transverse lig.

49
Q

ligaments that limit flexion

A

post. long
inter-spinous
lig. flavum

Anatomy Exam 3 (10 decks)

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