L16-peripheral lung disease

Question 1

what components of ventilation or respiration is chnaged whenthere is a respiratory disease

Answer 1

compliance

airway R

Question 2

eqn for ventilation

Answer 2

Pb-Pa/AW R

Question 3

egs od peripheral lung disease

Answer 3

asthma
chronic obstructive pulm diesease 9#COPD
-fibrosis

Question 4

symtopms of asthma

Answer 4

airway inflamm
airway obstruction
bronchoconstriction
cough

Question 5

what is decreased during asthma

Answer 5

alveolar ventilation
partial pressure gradients for diffusion
AW diameter reduced

Question 6

NR of FEV1:FVC

Answer 6

~0.8

Question 7

what is FEV1

Answer 7

how much literes of air in 1 sec

Question 8

value fo FEV1:FVC in asthma and why

Answer 8

0. 25

- lower intake of o2 due to severe obstruction

Question 9

treatment for astham

Answer 9

reliever - bronchodilators to redeuce R

preventer- anti inflamm drugs

Question 10

classes of relievers

Answer 10

beta 2 agonists
theophyllines - increase SNS in SM
anti muscarinics - blocking PNS

Question 11

classes of preventers

Answer 11

steriods - counteract airway inflamm

leukotriene receptor antagonist - blocks bronchocntriction

Question 12

symtopms and patholgy features of COPD

Answer 12

loss of alvelo and its recoil > collapse
-AW obstruction 
air trapping 
-hyperinflation 
inflamm

Question 13

what is emphysema

Answer 13

shortness of breath due to the collapse or damage of alveoli

Question 14

what ahhepnds to the total system compliancce due to emphysema

Answer 14

increases due to increease lung complaince

- increases FRC (less air to ventilate)

Question 15

classififation of COPD based FEV1

Answer 15

mild, moderate and severe

Question 16

NR for Mild FEV1 for COPD

Answer 16

50-80%

Question 17

NR for moderate FEV1 for COPD

Answer 17

30-49%

Question 18

NR for severe FEV1 for COPD

Answer 18

less than 30%

Question 19

what chnages in the flow volume loop for COPD

Answer 19

decreased
PEF
ERV
IRV

increased
FRC
RV

Question 20

management for COPD

Answer 20

bronchdilators
rehab
long term O2 therapy

Question 21

what is fibrosis

Answer 21

he development of fibrous connective tissue as a reparative response to injury or damage.

Question 22

causes of fibrosis

Answer 22

environment, systemic diseases, drugs side effects

Question 23

symptoms of fibrosis

Answer 23

dyspoea - breathlessness
dry cough
lung crackes

Question 24

features of fibrosis that is increases or decreases

Answer 24

increased:
fibroblast prolif
elastin and collagen secreted
thickening of alveoli
thickness of diffusion barrier 

decreased lung complaince

Question 25

fibrosis on total system complaince

Answer 25

decreased due to decrease lung compliance

Question 26

fibrosis on FEV1-FVC

Answer 26

no change as the ratio is the same but the VC is decrease

Question 27

fibrosis on features of flow-vol loop

Answer 27

decreased
PEF
ERV
IRV
TLC
VC
FRC
RV