L13 - MSK diseases

Question 1

What are bursa?

Answer 1

Synovial membrane lined pockets which allow free movement of adjacent structures where there might have otherwise been friction

Question 2

What are entheses?

Answer 2

Where tendons, ligaments or joint capsules insert into bone e.g. largest site = achilles tendon

Question 3

Osteoporosis is

Answer 3

reduced bone density

Question 4

Osteomalacia is

Answer 4

poor bone mineralisation

Question 5

Osteomyelitis is

Answer 5

bone infection

Question 6

Osteosarcoma is

Answer 6

an example of malignant bone tumour

Question 7

What is myalgia?

Answer 7

Pain in muscles

Question 8

What is myositis?

Answer 8

Inflammation of the muscles

Question 9

What is a joint?

Answer 9

Where two or more bones meet each other

Question 10

How do you diagnose a MSK disorder?

Answer 10

Full history & physical examination are usually enough to make a diagnosis
Serological tests can be used to confirm diagnosis

Question 11

Mono arthritis is?

Answer 11

Arthritis affecting one joint

Question 12

Oligoarthritis is?

Answer 12

Arthritis affecting 2-4 joints

Question 13

Polyarthritis is?

Answer 13

Arthritis affecting 5 or more joints

Question 14

You are asked to review a patient presenting with thenar eminence atrophy. Which nerve do you think is affected?

Answer 14

Median nerve

Question 15

Tennis elbow affects which epicondyle?

Answer 15

Lateral epicondyle

Question 16

Which epicondyle does golfer’s elbow affect?

Answer 16

Medial epicondyle

Question 17

Carpal tunnel is:

Answer 17

Compression of the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel

Question 18

Which do you think is the most common form of arthritis in the UK?
Rheumatoid arthritis,
Osteoarthritis
All of the above

Answer 18

All of the above

Question 19

How much do you estimate the NHS in the UK spends a year on treating MSK conditions?

Answer 19

10 billion

Question 20

You are asked to review a 35 year old male who presents with 2 days history of painful, swollen right knee. What are your differential diagnoses?
Septic arthritis
Gout
Post traumatic haemoarthrosis 
All of the above

Answer 20

All of the above

Question 21

What should you always consider with a hot, swollen joint?

Answer 21

Joint aspiration

Gram stain

Question 22

When should you consider septic arthritis?

Answer 22

When there is usually a single, hot swollen joint

Question 23

What are the mortality rates in septic arthritis?

Answer 23

11%

50% in polyarticular disease with sepsis

Question 24

What are the most common organisms that might cause septic arthritis?

Answer 24

Staph aureus

Streptococcus

Question 25

What is the most common inflammatory arthropathy worldwide?

Answer 25

Gout

Question 26

In patients with gout, serum urate levels are above what level?

Answer 26

Saturation level which is 408 micromol/ litre

Question 27

In gout where do monosodium urate crystals form & deposit?

Answer 27

Cartilage
Bone
Periarticular tissues of peripheral joints

Question 28

What crystals are you expecting to find in the knee fluid aspirated from the patient with a hot, swollen knee joint if you suspect that he has clinical gout?

Answer 28

Monosodium urate

Question 29

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer 29

A common, chronic, multi system inflammatory condition

Question 30

Does RA affect more men or women?

Answer 30

Women 3:1

Question 31

In rheumatoid arthritis which is the first joint component affected?
Cartilage
Synovium
Bone

Answer 31

Synovium

Question 32

In osteoarthritis what is the first joint component affected?

Answer 32

Cartilage

Question 33

What is the most important environmental risk factor in RA?

Answer 33

Smoking

Question 34

Is there a clinical correlation between the radiological changes & symptoms in OA?

Answer 34

No