1. provide hormone reserve 2. keep hormone inactive 2. increase hormone half life 4. are involved in hormone turnover

L13 Intro Flashcards by Jeri Sheldon (AZ PA Mast 20)

trophic effect

a hormone regulates hormone secretion from another gland
-or-
growth and integrity of the endrocrine gland

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

pleiotropic effects

having several effects

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

intracrine

hormone regulates processes within the cells of orgin WITHOUT BEING SECRETED

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

neurocrine

hormone which originates in neuron, travels down axon, and is carried distally either by a blood vessel or by synaptic transmission

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

novel endocrine glands

epicardial fat of the heart
adipose tissue
skeletal muscle

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

classic endocrine glands

hypothalamus
pituitary
pineal gland
thryoid gland
parathyroid glands
pancreas 
GI tract
placenta
ovaries
testes
thymus
adrenal coretx
adrenal medullae
kidney

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

hormones derived from a gene which is transcribed into mRNA

peptide hormones

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

hormones derived from tyrosine

amine hormones

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

hormones derived from cholesterol

steroid hormones

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

most hormones are

peptide hormones

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

cholesterol has a

cyclopentanoperhydrophenathene ring

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

peptide hormones that contain a carbohydrate moiety

glycoproteins

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

hydrophilic hormones are dissolved in the bloodstream and include

peptide hormones

catecholamines

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

hydrophobic hormones aka

lipophilic hormones

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

hydrophilic hormones are transported bound to binding proteins and include

thryoid hormones

steroid hormones

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

binding proteins

provide hormone reserve
keep hormone inactive
increase hormone half life
are involved in hormone turnover

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

delivery of hormones to target tissues is regulated by

blood flow

secretion of hormones is regulated by

rate of production

feedback mechanisms

metabolism of a hormone in the liver/kidney is dependent on

glucuronidation and sulfate conjugation

increase solubility of hormones for excretion

peptide hormones are stored in

granules

peptide hormones are synthesized in

ribosomes
ER
golgi

precursor of catecholamines

tyrosine

precursor of thyroid hormones

tyrosine and iodide

catecholamine site of synthesis

enzymatic in cytosol

T3 T4 sites of synthesisis

follicular cell and colloid of thyroid

amines are stored in

granules

T3 and T4 are stored in

follicular cells

steroids site of synthesis

cytosol ER mitochondria

steroids homrones are stored in

NOT STORED | synthesisis and release upon stimulation

secretion of polypeptide and protein hormones is stimulated by

increased cAMP and Ca++ causing exocytosis of vesicles

hormones which may undergo peripharl tissue conversion after being released

steroids | amines

humoral triggers of hormone secretion

activated by a blood borne substrate, whose concentration is either above or below the setpoint

low plasma calcium triggers

PTH release from parathyroid gland

PTH acts to

raise blood calcium to normal

neural triggers of hormone secretion

extension of the CNS that signals glands to secrete hormones

hormonal triggers of hormone secretion

hormones regulate secretion of hormones

threshold

the minimum concentration of a hormone required to achieve a response

sensitivity

the concentration of a hormone which produces 50% of the maximum response

maximal response

the effect of a saturating dose of a hormone

decreased maximal response

decreased target cells | decreased signal transduction w/in target cells

decreased sensitivity

decrease in hormone-receptor affinity | decreased receptor number