L12 - Adrenal glands part 1 Flashcards
1
Q
adrenal glands are surrounded by a ….
A
fibrous capsule
2
Q
what cells are found in adrenal medulla?
A
- chromaffin cells
3
Q
Pheochromocytoma
A
- tumour
- too much epinephrine and norepinephrine released
4
Q
adrenal cortical layers pneumonic
A
SALT
SUGARRRRRR
SEX
5
Q
Zona glomerulosa
A
salt
aldosterone
mineralocorticoids
6
Q
Zona fasciculata
A
glucocorticoids
cortisol
glucose homeosatsis
7
Q
Zona reticularis
A
sex steroids (androgens)
8
Q
high cortisol symptoms
A
- sweating
- frequent urination
- sweating
- increase HR
- insomnia
- decrease in potency
9
Q
Pneumonic for symptoms and signs of cushing’s
A
SWEDISH
S- Spinal tenderness / osteoporosis
W - weight gain
E - easily bruise
D - T2DM
I - intercapsular fat pad
S - striae
H - hypertension
10
Q
Psuedo-cushings
A
- prolonged excess alcohol consumption
- high cortisol levels
- obesity
- poorly controlled diabetes
- chronic severe anxiety and depression
11
Q
dexamethasone suppression test
A
- giving steroids should inhibit further cortisol release
- in cushings patients the negative feedback loop is lost
- hence cortisol is produced continuously
12
Q
autonomous cortisol secretion
A
aka subclinical cushing’s
- incomplete suppression
- patients may have low grade cushing’s
13
Q
primary insufficiency
A
adrenal
14
Q
secondary insufficiency
A
pituitary
15
Q
tertiary insufficiency
A
hypothalamic
