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ANAT315 Midterm2 > L11_The arm and elbow > Flashcards

L11_The arm and elbow Flashcards

1
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the distal humerus

A

Lateral epicondyle

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2
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the distal humerus

A

Capitulum

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3
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the distal humerus

A

Trochlea

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4
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the distal humerus

A

Medial epicondyle

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5
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the distal humerus

A

Medial Supracondylar Ridge

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6
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the distal humerus

A

Shaft

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7
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the distal humerus

A

Medial epicondyle

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8
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the distal humerus

A

Trochlea

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9
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the distal humerus

A

Lateral epicondyle

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10
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the distal humerus

A

Medial Supracondylar Ridge

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11
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the distal humerus

A

Lateral Supracondylar Ridge

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12
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the bones of the forearm

(anterior)

A

Radial head (radius)

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13
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the bones of the forearm

(anterior)

A

Radial neck (radius)

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14
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the bones of the forearm

(anterior)

A

Radial Tuberosity (radius)

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15
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the bones of the forearm

(anterior)

A

Shaft (radius)

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16
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the bones of the forearm

(anterior)

A

Trochlear notch (ulna)

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17
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the bones of the forearm

(anterior)

A

Coronoid process (ulna)

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18
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the bones of the forearm

(anterior)

A

Ulnar tuberosity (ulna)

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19
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the bones of the forearm

(anterior)

A

Styloid Process of radius

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20
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the bones of the forearm

(anterior)

A

Head of Ulna

21
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the bones of the forearm

(anterior)

A

Styloid Process of Ulna

22
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the bones of the forearm

(posterior)

A

Olecranon (ulna)

23
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the bones of the forearm

(posterior)

A

Coronoid process (ulna)

24
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the bones of the forearm

(posterior)

A

Radial head (radius)

25
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the bones of the forearm

(posterior)

A

Radial neck (radius)

26
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the bones of the forearm

(posterior)

A

Styloid Process of Ulna

27
Q

Tell me the name of the structure represented by the red arrow on the bones of the forearm

(posterior)

A

Dorsal Tubercle

28
Q

Describe the elbow joint (classification, articulation, reinforcing ligaments and structures, and movement)

A

Classification: synovial hinge joint

Articulations:

  1. Humeroradial -> Capitulum of humerus and head of radius
  2. Humeroulnar -> Trochlea of humerus and trochlear notch of ulna

Reinforcing structures and ligaments: Radial and ulnar collateral ligaments, annular ligament (continuous with fibrous capsule anteriorly)

Movement: Flexion/extension

29
Q

What happens with the coronoid process when the elbow joint is in flexion?

A

The coronoid process will tuck itself into the coronoid fossa

30
Q

Where’s the ulnar collateral ligament?

A

On the medial side of the elbow joint (ulna side)

From the medial epicondyle and the coronoid process of the ulna

Also it creates a little triangle

31
Q

Where’s the radial collateral ligament?

A

On the lateral side of the elbow joint (radius)

From the lateral epicondyle and the radius

More narrow

32
Q

Where’s the annular ligament?

A

It’s attached to the ulna and wraps around the head of the radius

33
Q

Important factors of the anterior compartment of the arm

A
  • flexor compartment
  • Innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve (terminal branche of the brachial plexus)
  • “flexion of the forearm at the elbow”
34
Q

Important factors of the posterior compartment of the arm

A
  • Extensor compartment
  • Innervated by the Radial nerve (terminal branche of the brachial plexus)
  • “extension of the forearm at the elbow”
35
Q

Biceps Brachii (origin, insertion, function, innervation, blood supply)

A

Origin:

Long head -> supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

Short head -> coracoid process

Insertion: Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis

Functions:

Primary -> supination

Secondary -> flexion of the forearm at the elbow, accessory flexor of glenohumeral joint

Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve C5-C7

Blood supply: Brachial artery and vein

36
Q

Coracobrachialis (origin, insertion, function, innervation, blood supply)

A

Origin: coracoid process

Insertion: middle shaft of the humerus

Function: flexion and adduction of the arm (glenohumeral joint)

Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve C5-C7

Blood supply: Brachial artery and vein

37
Q

Brachialis (origin, insertion, function, innervation, blood supply)

A

Origin: anterior shaft of humerus

Insertion: Ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process of the ulna

Function: Flexion of the forearm at the elbow

Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve C5-C7

Blood supply: Brachial artery and vein

38
Q

Brachioradialis (origin, insertion, function, innervation, blood supply)

A

Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus

Insertion: Styloid process of the radius

Functions: Flexion of forearm at the elbow, assists in pronation and supination

Innervation: Radial nerve (C6-C7)

Blood supply: Radial artery

The beer drinking muscle

39
Q

The musculocutaneous nerve gives innervation to which muscles? any more info?

A

Gives innervation to the Biceps Brachii, Coracobrachialis and Brachialis muscles

Pierces coracobrachialis muscle

The musculocutaneous nerve will branch out into the lateral antebrachia cutaneous nerve which will peak out along inferolateral border of the biceps brachii (continues as cutaneous branch in the forearm)

40
Q

Triceps Brachii (origin, insertion, function, innervation, blood supply)

A

Origin:

Long head -> Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

Lateral head -> Posterior humerus proximal to radial groove

Medial head -> Posterior humerus distal to radial groove

Insertion: Olecranon of ulna

Functions: elbow extension

(long head -> glenohumeral extension and adduction)

Innervation: Radial nerve

Blood supply: Deep brachial (profunda) artery and vein

41
Q

Anconeus (origin, insertion, function, innervation, blood supply)

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: Olecranon of ulna

Functions: Elbow extension

Innervation: Radial nerve

Blood supply: deep brachial (profunda) artery and vein

42
Q

where does the nerves pass in the posterior compartement of the arm?

Axillary nerve

Radial nerve

Ulnar nerve

A

Axillary nerve: Passes through the quadrangular space and travels posteriorly along the surgical neck of the humerus

Radial nerve: Passes through the triangular interval (in between the long and lateral head of the triceps brachii) and dives posteriorly along the shaft of the humerus

(travels anterior to lateral epicondyle)

Ulnar nerve: travels posterior to the medial epicondyle

43
Q

what artery gives blood supply to the anterior and posterior arm?

A

Anterior arm: Brachial artery

Posterior arm: Deep brachial artery

44
Q

What passes through the Quadrangular Space, Triangular Interval and Triangular Space

A

Quadrangular Space: Axillary nerve and Humeral Circumflex artery

Triangular Interval: Radial nerve and deep brachial artery

Triangular Space: Circumflex Scapular artery

45
Q

Tell me the 7 myotomes of the upper limb so far

A
46
Q

Tell me the borders of the cubital fossa

A

Floor: Brachialis muscle

Medial border: Pronator teres

Lateral border: Brachioradialis

Superior border: Line between the epicondyles

Roof: Bicipital aponeurosis

47
Q

Tell me the content of the cubital fossa

A

Tendon (Tendon of biceps brachii)

Artery (Brachial artery)

Nerve (Median nerve)

TAN (from lateral to medial)

48
Q

Explain the vascular anastommoses around the elbow

A
  1. The Deep Brachial artery divides itself from the Brachial artery
  2. The Deep Brachial artery divides itself in 2 (middle and radial collateral artery)
  3. The middle and radial artery do an anastomoses with the recurrent interosseous artery and the radial recurrent artery respectively (they come from the radial artery)
  4. The Brachial artery has 2 branches (superior and inferior ulnar collateral artery)
  5. The superior and inferior ulnar artery do an anastomoses with the posterior and anterior ulnar recurrent artery respectively (they come from the ulnar artery)

ANAT315 Midterm2 (8 decks)

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