L11 (week 12): How do we feel?

Question 1

What are the 3 key theories for emotionality?

1) P Pyschology
2) J-L Theory
3) C-B

Answer 1

1) Pop psychology
2) James-Lang theory
3) Cannon-Bard

Question 2

How does pop psychology suggest we feel as a theory?

Answer 2

Event > Emotion > Physiological change

Question 3

How does James-Lang theory suggest we feel?

Answer 3

Event > Pyhsiological change > Emotion

Question 4

How does Cannon-Brad suggest we feel as a theory?

Answer 4

Event > emotion + Physiological change

Question 5

what does Anthropomorphic mean?

human attributes to….

Answer 5

It’s when we assign human attributes to a being/thing that is not human.

Question 6

What were 3 key findings/suggests made by Darwin in 1872?

Answer 6

1) that there are consistent, stereotypical expressions of emotion across species.
2) Children had less formed expression and more intense feelings.
3) That emotions had an adaptive function and that they had evolved.

Question 7

What was Darwin’s 1872 approach criticised for?

Answer 7

Being anthropomorphic.

Question 8

What was one of the first key cross-cultural studies on emotion?

E & F, 197..

Answer 8

Ekman & Friesen, 1971

Question 9

What two studies furthered Ekman & Friesen’s (1971) work and what did they find?

E et al 198… found 6 BLANK in 10 BLANK.
C et al 202… replicated with 16 EE using BLANK

Answer 9

Ekman, et al., 1987 found 6 emotions in 10 diverse nations. Cowen, et al. 2021 replicated the study using AI with 16 emotional expressions.

Question 10

What do physiological findings suggest about emotions?

That they are inborn WHAT

Answer 10

That they are inborn predispositions.

Question 11

What did Frey et al, 1981 and Murube, 2009 find about crying?

specific species

Answer 11

That only humans produce tears or ‘weep’.

Question 12

What did Freedman’s two studies (1964 + 1979) find about blind babies?

:)

Answer 12

That they still smile even though they cannot see, supporting that emotional expression is a predisposition.

Question 13

What 5 parts of the brain did Papez’ emotion circuit (1937) connect and what is it called today?

ParaH region > Sub… (hippocampus) > Mam bod > Anterior Tha nuclei, Cing G.
The “BLANK” System

Answer 13

Parahippocampal region > Subiculum (Hippocampus) > Mammillary bodies > Anterior thalamic nuclei > Cinglulate gyrus

The limbic system

Question 14

what did fMRI scans of awake animals show in regards to aggression?

what is activated? during what kind of behaviour?

Answer 14

That Papez circuit is activated during behaviours that show motivation for aggression.

Question 15

What is the main part of the brain associated with fear?

A

Answer 15

the amygdala.

Question 16

What is the direct pathway of fear?

T > A (bypasses the VC)

Answer 16

Thalamus > Amygdala (bypasses the visual cortex).

Question 17

What is the name of the hormone system?

(HPA)

Answer 17

Hypothalamic-pituitary axis

Question 18

What happens when the HPA hormone system is activated?

the Hypothalamus releases a hormon to the P which then releases different BLANK hormones that stimulate the release of (F or F (A) and C (stress).

Answer 18

The hypothalamus releases a hormone to the pituitary which then releases different stress hormones that stimulate the release of adrenaline (flight or fight hormone OR cortisol (stress hormone).

Question 19

Why do we tend to get sick on holiday?

release less BLANK which slows down BLANK

Answer 19

As we relax less of the stress hormone cortisol is released, cortisol slows the immune response. As less cortisol is released the immune system activates.

Question 20

What is Kluver-Bucy syndrome?

AKA B T Lobe syndrome a rare BLANK disorder, caused by damage to H or A regions. Causes HyperBLANK, II behaviour and E eating.

Answer 20

AKA bilateral temporal lobe disorder (rare neurological disorder) caused by damage to the hippocampus or amygdala region. Causes hypersexuality, impulsive innappropriate behaviour and excessive eating.

Question 21

What are the 4 main regions that control emotionability?

1) A C + MFC
2) A I
3) R T lobe
4) P C cortex

Answer 21

1) Anterior cingulate and Medial prefrontal cortex
2) Anterior insular
3) right temporal lobe
4) posterior cingulate cortex