L11 Respiratory Tract Infections: RSV and PIV

Question 1

Croup etiology

Answer 1

PIV Type 1 > PIV Type 2/3 > RSV

Question 2

croup age group

Answer 2

6-18 months

Question 3

croup symptoms

Answer 3

fever, hoarseness, barking cough

Question 4

Croup’s barking cough is due to is due to

Answer 4

complication of upper respiratory tract infection that creates tracheal constriction below the vocal cords

Question 5

Parainfluenza virus (PIV) was

Answer 5

originally thought to be the true influenza virus

Is now known to be a paramyxovirus

Question 6

Paramyxoviruses (3)

Answer 6

RSV
Measles
Mumps

Question 7

Paramyxoviruses

Answer 7

Nonsegmented
Negative sense ssRNA genome
Enveloped
4 known serotypes

Question 8

causes syncytia formation of paramyxoviruses

Answer 8

Novel fusion protein (F)

Question 9

Serotypes of paramyxoviruses

Answer 9

hemagluttinin and neuraminidase activites on the same peplomer molecule

Question 10

PIV life cycle

Answer 10

enters respiratory tract

replicates in upper respiratory tract/nasal turbinates ciliated epithelial cells

Question 11

PIV incubation

Answer 11

2-6 days

Question 12

PIV symptoms

Answer 12

harsh cough
rhinitis
sore throat
SOB

Question 13

PIV may invade lower airways in those at risk:

Answer 13

Infants
Young children
Closed poulations
Military recruits

Question 14

PIV complications

Answer 14

otitis media

Parotitis

Question 15

PIVs that are seasonal

Answer 15

Types 1 and 2

fall/winter epidemics, prevalent in children

Question 16

PIV that isn’t seasonal

Answer 16

type 3

endemic, most children have antibody by one year

Question 17

newly observed PIV

Answer 17

type 4

Question 18

PIV immunity

Answer 18

not lifelong, repeat infections with homotypic virus are observed

Question 19

reservoirs for infant PIV illness

Answer 19

Caregivers with minor colds

Question 20

how to diagnose PIV

Answer 20

direct viral isolation from throat swab

direct FAB test

Question 21

PIV vaccine

Answer 21

ain’t any

Question 22

RSV stands for

Answer 22

respiratory syncytical virus

Question 23

RSV season

Answer 23

annual winter outbreaks in infants

Question 24

RSV symptoms

Answer 24

cough
dyspnea
cyanosis
+/- croup

Question 25

Most common cause of croup

Answer 25

PIV 1 and 2 | *** mentioned like 3 times in the lecture ***

Question 26

mental state + RSV

Answer 26

may exacerbate dyspnea due to panic

Question 27

symptoms of RSV are due to

Answer 27

inflammatory response to infection: IgE, T cells

Question 28

how to diagnose RSV

Answer 28

Rapid antigen tests Nucleic acid tests Serology- 4x rise (weak)

Question 29

who to screen with a rapid antigen tests

Answer 29

all infants with clinical RSV symptoms

Question 30

most common etiology of lower respiratory tract infection in children under 4

Answer 30

RSV

Question 31

peak incidence of RSV

Answer 31

infants under 1 year

Question 32

highest hospitalization rate from RSV

Answer 32

infants 2-3 years

Question 33

increased risks associated with RSV

Answer 33

underlying disease | premature birth

Question 34

if you're born ________, you have the worst chances with RSV

Answer 34

3-4 months before RSV season

Question 35

SARS stands for

Answer 35

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

Question 36

SARS is a

Answer 36

novel coranovirus that emerged in chinal

Question 37

SARS sperad

Answer 37

respiratory | fecal-oral

Question 38

SARS has a _______ but is ______

Answer 38

high fatality rate | presumed to be extinct

Question 39

MERS stands for

Answer 39

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome

Question 40

MERS is a

Answer 40

novel coranovirus

Question 41

large outbreak of MERS in

Answer 41

South Korea

Question 42

multiple threat agensts, GI and respiratory systems

Answer 42

Coronaviruses

Question 43

have zoonotic reservoirs

Answer 43

Coronaviruses

Question 44

viruses makes respiratory tract infections common because

Answer 44

antibiotics are ineffective | most don't have vaccines

Question 45

acute illness makes respiratory tract infections common because

Answer 45

patients may infect others before showing symptoms

Question 46

many respiratory tract infections are transmitted by _________ which makes them super common

Answer 46

healthy carrier reservoirs