L.11 Aging and Menopause

Question 1

androstenedione

Answer 1

secreted by ovaries/adrenals to stimulate the production of estrone in adipose tissue
–> this is why post-menopausal women with higher adipose tissue have more estrogen

Question 2

bisphosphonates

Answer 2

• antiresorptive drug
• they are drugs which help prevent osteoporosis
• bind Ca2+ and accumulates in bone to inhibit osteoclast function –> inhibits bone breakdown
• nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates inhibit an enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway and disrupt protein prenylation in osteoclasts
• this creates cytoskeletal abnormalities in osteoclasts and leads to osteoclasts apoptosis –> reduced bone resorption

Question 3

bazedoxifene

Answer 3

• 3rd gene SERM (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator)
• SERMs are drugs that can selectively bind different estrogen receptors to either cause or prevent their action
• can selectively bind different estrogen receptors
• Antagonist actions in the breast and uterus → anti estrogen-like effects
• Agonist actions in the bone and lipid metabolism → estrogen-like effects
  SO Bazedoxifene increases bone density and decreases LDL

Question 4

Duvavee

Answer 4

conjugated estrogen bazedoxifene

Question 5

osteoporosis Tx

Answer 5

• SERMs (bazedoxifene, duvavee)
• calcitonin
• parathyroid estrogen receptor
• bisphosphonates