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PROPERTY281 Test 2 > L10: Indoor Environment > Flashcards

L10: Indoor Environment Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 main purposes of interiors?

A 
Neat/clean interior
Resist wear and tear
Control transmission of sound
Control outbreak/spread of fire
Conceal/accommodate services
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2
Q

What is the interior finishes selection criteria?

A 
Appearance
Durability and maintenance
Fire
Changeability
Cost
Toxic emissions (IAQ)
Acoustics
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3
Q

What can the appearance influence?

A

Comfort level of occupants

Marketability (sales price/rent/occupancy levels)

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4
Q

What is the durability/maintenance of materials chosen based on?

A

Intensity of use
Water resistance requirements
Cleanliness/maintenance needs

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5
Q

The selection criteria for fire is concerned with what?

A

Combustibility
Fire resistance
Openings

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6
Q

How are openings protected from fire?

A

Doors - fire rated
Ducts - fire/smoke dampers
Piping - sealed (chalking)

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7
Q

What are fire/smoke dampers?

A

Elements that isolate areas of the HVAC ductwork to prevent the spread of smoke and fire through here

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8
Q

How does changeability effect the indoor environment selected?

A

Permanent finishes need to be more durable than temporary

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9
Q

What is the life-cycle cost?

A

First cost + maintenance + replacement + energy costs

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10
Q

When first cost vs life-cycle cost used?

A

First cost - tight budget/short life

Life-cycle cost - long building useful life/budget allows higher initial cost

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11
Q

Where does toxic emissions come from in indoor environment?

A

Installation - solvents, airborne fires etc.

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12
Q

What is sound?

A

Pressure variations in the air

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13
Q

What is wavelength, amplitude and frequency/pitch?

A

Wavelength - distance to make one cycle
Amplitude - loudness
Frequency/pitch - number of wavelength occurring in one second

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14
Q

How do interior finish materials effect quality of listening conditions and acoustic privacy?

A

Finishes absorb (porous/soft) or reflect (dense/hard) sound

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15
Q

What is a sound absorber?

A

A fibrous material which changes sound energy into heat via frictional drag

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16
Q

What is the most effective interior finish for quality of listening and acoustic privacy why?
What are two examples?

A

Absorber on reflector
Creates weak reflection and weak transmission

Carpet on bare floor
Plaster on concrete ceiling

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17
Q

What is a sound reflector

A

A heavy solid barrier that creates a strong reflected wave

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18
Q

How is speech privacy achieved?

A

Through control of sound transmission along with white noise

19
Q

What is noise criteria and how does it involve HVAC?

A

The measure of desired white noise (to create speech privacy)
Smaller HVAC ductwork can create more white noise

20
Q

What is the noise criteria for theatres, conference rooms, private offices and open offices/retail?

A

Theatres - 10-20
Conference room - 25-30
Private office - 30-35
Open office/retail - 35-50

21
Q

How can sound transmission take place?

A

Through floors (sound or impact)
Through walls
Over walls

22
Q

How is sound waves through floors controlled?

A

Cement-gypsum self-levelling floor covering

23
Q

How is impact noise through floors controlled and which is the most effective?

A

Cushion the impact (most effective)
Suspend ceiling + absorber
Isolate and seal penetrations (piping etc.)
Float floor

24
Q

Why is suspended ceiling not as effective?

A

Because cannot put a reflector; can only put an absorber

25
Q

What is floating the floor?

A

An absorbent material placed between the subfloor and floor finish to deaden the sound

26
Q

How is sound transmission through walls prevented?

A

Resilient mounting
Staggered studs/double wall (with insulation)
Avoid back-to-back receptacles

27
Q

How does sound transmit through walls?

A

Generally walls have two layers of plasterboard with studs between - allows sound to pass through vibrations

28
Q

What is resilient mounting?

A

Putting a thing metal material which prevents the plasterboard from adhering to studs - absorbs sound when it vibrates

29
Q

How is sound transmitted over walls?

A

Through the attic/plenum - many spaces built with one large suspended ceiling with partition walls (space above)

30
Q

How is sound transmission over walls prevented?

A

Insulating the plenum

Putting partition walls through the plenum

31
Q

What is STC?

A

Sound Transmission Class - rating of resistance to sound transmission; reflects ability to resist sounds of different frequencies

32
Q

Which frequency of sound is generally hardest to resist?

A

Low frequency (less cycles)

33
Q

What is the typical STC for walls in different situations dependent on?

A

The required speech privacy

34
Q

How do weak points affect the wall’s ability to stop sound transmission?

A

Greatly reduces entire wall’s STC

35
Q

What is ITC and what is the minimum STC and ITC required by the NZ Building Code?

A

Impact Transmission Class

STC/ITC of 55

36
Q

How is the STC of a wall assembly calculated?

A

Basic partition STC + improvements + adders

37
Q

What are adders and how are they valued?

A

Adders take into account the increase caused by interaction between improvements
1 = 1 improvement
2 = 2 improvements
3 = 3 OR MORE improvements

38
Q

How do voids impact sound transmission?

A

Decrease the ability for sound to go through

39
Q

What is the interior fit-out sequence?

A
  1. Rough-in during main construction
  2. Roof and envelope complete
  3. MEP vertical and horizontal distribution
  4. Partition framing
  5. Partition rough-in
  6. Ceiling framing and rough-in
  7. Wall, ceiling and floor finishes
  8. Cabinetry, built-in equipment and furniture
  9. Punch list
40
Q

Why is the roof and envelope completed early?

A

It is required to shelter moisture-sensitive materials and provides more comfortable conditions for workers

41
Q

How are MEP services distribution?

A

Vertical - shafts, chasers, risers

Horizontal - below suspended ceilings held by unistruts, hanger wires

42
Q

What happens during partition rough-in?

A

Penetrations are sealed to prevent sound transmission and spread of fire (firestopping - safing/sealants)

43
Q

What is a punch list?

A

Go through property and list uncompleted/unsatisfactory work from architect’s perspective which are completed before the final payment

PROPERTY281 Test 2 (13 decks)

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