L1: the breathing system

Question 1

What is the breathing system in the body used for?

Answer 1

To get the oxygen needed for respiration and to get rid of one of the waste products of respiration: the gas, carbon dioxide

Question 2

Is breathing in and out different processes in the body?

Answer 2

Yes

Question 3

What is breathing in called?

Answer 3

Inhaling

Question 4

What do you breathe in?

Answer 4

Air, including oxygen, into your lungs

Question 5

What is breathing out called?

Answer 5

Exhalation

Question 6

What happens when you breathe out?

Answer 6

You breathe out the contents of your lungs and get rid of the waste carbon dioxide

Question 7

what is the name of the pipe which leads to your lungs?

Answer 7

trachea

Question 8

what are the names of the two tubes which lead of the wind pipe?

Answer 8

bronchus (plural: bronchi)

Question 9

what are the names of the very small tubes in the lungs?

Answer 9

bronchioles

Question 10

what surrounds the lungs?

Answer 10

ribs

Question 11

what is the name for the air sacs in the lungs?

Answer 11

alveoli

Question 12

where is the diaphragm?

Answer 12

below the lungs and heart

Question 13

how does air containing oxygen enter our breathing system?

Answer 13

through openings in our nose and mouth

Question 14

how are your nose and mouth linked?

Answer 14

they are linked at the back by your pharynx (throat)

Question 15

what does the trachea do?

Answer 15

this connects your mouth to the tubes that go into your lungs

Question 16

what is at the top of the trachea?

Answer 16

larynx (voice box)

Question 17

what is the trachea surrounded by and what does the thing surrounding it do?

Answer 17

rings of cartilage to stop it getting crushed or collapsing

Question 18

what does the trachea split into?

Answer 18

two main tubes- the bronchi (one bronchus, two bronchi)

Question 19

what happens to the bronchi as the air goes deeper into the lungs?

Answer 19

they divide into smaller tubes called bronchioles

Question 20

what do we find at the end of the bronchioles?

Answer 20

tiny, flexible sacs of air called alveoli (singular alveolus)

Question 21

what are the alveoli surrounded by?

Answer 21

blood vessels called capillaries

Question 22

what process takes place at the alveoli and capillaries?

Answer 22

gas exchange

Question 23

what is happens at the gas exchange which happens in our lungs?

Answer 23

the oxygen from the air we’ve breathed in moves into our blood through the capillary from the alveolus and the capillary gives the carbon dioxide from the blood to the alveolus through diffusion

Question 24

what does inspired air mean?

Answer 24

the air that is taken into our body during inhalation

Question 25

what does expired air mean?

Answer 25

the air that leaves our body through exhalation

Question 26

how much of our inspired air is nitrogen?

Answer 26

79%

Question 27

how much of our expired air is nitrogen?

Answer 27

79%

Question 28

how much of our inspired air is oxygen?

Answer 28

21%

Question 29

how much of our expired air is oxygen?

Answer 29

16%

Question 30

how much of our inspired air is carbon dioxide?

Answer 30

0.04%

Question 31

how much of our expired air is carbon dioxide?

Answer 31

4%

Question 32

how much of our inspired air is water vapour and what does the answer mean?

Answer 32

variable, the amount of water vapour depends on the temperature etc

Question 33

how much of our expired air is water vapour and what does the answer mean?

Answer 33

saturated, the water vapour exhaled is at body temp

Question 34

what’s the intercostal muscles?

Answer 34

muscles between the passageways into the lungs.

Question 35

what is the trachea?

Answer 35

the windpipe. Has rings of cartilage for support and protection

Question 36

what are the bronchi?

Answer 36

the two main passageways into the lungs

Question 37

what are the bronchioles?

Answer 37

smaller passageways (connected to the bronchi) that lead to the alveoli

Question 38

what are the alveoli?

Answer 38

organ where gaseous exchange takes place

Question 39

what are the ribs?

Answer 39

bones that protect the lungs and heart

Question 40

what is the diaphragm?

Answer 40

sheet of muscle underneath the lungs that controls breathing

Question 41

what are the lungs?

Answer 41

organs between the ribs that help control breathing

Question 42

how does our diaphragm and intercostal muscles help us inhale?

Answer 42

we inhale, diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract, making lung volume increase. makes pressure in lungs decrease and air rushes in

Question 43

how does our diaphragm and intercostal muscles help us exhale?

Answer 43

exhale, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, making lung volume decrease. makes pressure in lungs increase and air rushes out

Question 44

what is a pluck?

Answer 44

internal organs from chest cavity of an animal