L1 - Organisation Flashcards
Anatomy
Science of body structures and the relationships among them
Physiology
Science of body functions (how the body parts work)
Hormones
Chemical messengers transported in blood from endocrine gland or tissue to target organ
Six levels of structural organisation
Chemical - cellular - tissue - organ - system - organismal
Eleven body systems
(MURDERS LINC.)
- Muscular
- Urinary
- Respiratory
- Digestive
- Endocrine
- Reproductive
- Lymphatic and Immune
- Integumentary
- Cardiovascular
Four basic tissue types
- Connective
- Muscle
- Epithelial
- Nervous
Erythrocytes
Red blood cells
Erythropoiesis
RBC production
Erythropoietin (EPO)
Controls erythropoiesis
Hypo-
Less
Hyper-
More
Leukocytes
White blood cells (immune cells)
Lateral
Further away from centre
Medial
Closer to centre
Anterior
Closer to front
Posterior
Closer to back
Oocytes
Eggs
Sternum
Breast bond (flat bone)
Sacrum
Triangular bone in the lower back situated between the two hip bones of the pelvis
Coccyx
Tail bone located below the sacrum
Adipocytes
Fat cells
Tissue
Groups of specific cells and the material around them that work together to perform a particular function
Cutaneous membrane
Skin
Epithelial tissues
Covers body surfaces, lines hollow organs, tubes, cavities and ducts
Function of epithelial tissues
Protection, filtration, secretion, absorption, excretion
Connective tissues
Cells in a matrix of fibres and ground substances (includes bones and blood)
Function of connective tissues
Protects and suppots, binds organs together, stored energy as fat, transport blood, provide immunity to disease-causing organisms
Muscle tissues
Contractile cells (muscle fibres)