L1 Normal Pregnancy Flashcards
Characteristics of each Trimester
At what age can you see fetal heartbeat?
6-7 Weeks
At what week can sex of baby be determined?
13-14- Weeks
Hematological Changes of pregnancy?
Changes in clotting factors to pro-coagulant state
GI Changes of pregnancy?
Decreased gastric motility
Loss of physiological sphincter at the esophageal gastric junction
Increased insulin resistance (mostly third trimester)
Cardiovascular/Respiratory changes of pregnancy?
Bloods taken during first trimester of pregnancy?
Nutrition in pregnancy?
Normal foods in normal amounts - Don’t eat for 2!!
Avoid unpasturised cheeses and raw meat
Supplements as required (Folic Acid/Vitamin D Supplementation)
When is the Fetal Anatomy Scan Conducted?
18-22 weeks GA
Studies all organ systems, growth and placenta
May add on full fetal echocardiogram in high risk populations
How often are antenatal visits in the 3rd trimester?
Fortnightly to weekly antenatal checks
BP/Urine/Symphysis fundal height (SFH):
Glucose/Protein Urinalysis: Looking for DM, UTI, Pre-Eclamsia
Stages of Labor?
Diagnosis of labor? (Signs/Symptoms?)
Classification of Labor Contractions?
Period immediately after childbirth when the womb is returning to its normal size, lasting approximately six weeks
The Puerperium
Vaginal discharge along with decidua, clots and membrane after delivery of the placenta during the puerperium
Fishy in odour
Continues for up to 6 weeks but continually reducing
Lochia
The Pereneum
- Swelling and engorgement resolved within _______
- Perineal injury: heals by the first intention
- Integrity and strength recovered by ________
- Pelvic floor strength recovered by __________
- Kegel exercises
The Puerperium
- Swelling and engorgement resolved within 2 weeks
- Perineal injury: heals by the first intention
- Integrity and strength recovered by 6 weeks
- Pelvic floor strength recovered by 6 weeks
- Kegel exercises
The Uterus
- 1000g to 100-200g by_________
- Umbilicus by ___________________________
- Midway between umbilicus and symphysis by ________
- Pelvis by _________
Lochia continues up to______
The Uterus => 1000g to 100 200g by 6 weeks
- Umbilicus immediately following delivery
- Midway between umbilicus and symphysis by 2 weeks
- Pelvis by 4 weeks
Lochia continues up to 6 weeks
Cervix is closed by ____________
Cervix is closed by 2 weeks
Ovaries
- Ovulation may return within __________ in non breastfeeding mothers with likely return of menstruation
- Suppression of lactation due to the pulsatile nature of ___________ release
Protective?
Ovaries
- Ovulation may return within 6-8 weeks in nonbreatsfeeding mothers with likely return of menstruation
- Suppression of lactation due to the pulsatile nature of prolactin release
Ovulation will return even if mothers continue to breastfeed not protective
What triggers Lactational function of breasts?
Lactational function of breasts triggered by DECR in estrogen after delivery of the placenta and INCREASED prolactin
Colostrum vs. Milk?
Colostrum: Secreted for 2-3 days. Protein, fat, minerals, IgA, and IgG
Milk: Protein, lactose, water, fat, IgG, IgA, and IgM
Most common position of babies head during delivery
Occiput Anterior
