L1 Neonate Flashcards

(45 cards)

1
Q

Neuromaturational Theories

A

-Development set, invariant
-Tightly tied to CNS
-Occurs cephalocaudal, proximal to distal
-Recent research acknowledges that there is variation in sequence and input from all systems

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2
Q

Cognitive Theories

A

thinking develops in stages of increasing complexity

organize mental schemes through mental operations

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3
Q

Behavioral theories

A

behavior is shaped by environment

assumes most behaviors learned responses

primary concepts used in applied behavior analysis

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4
Q

Psychoanalytical/psychosocial theories

A

Biologically determined drives, unconscious conflicts

initial drive for survival when basic needs met, see self-actualization

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5
Q

Ecological, contextual. theories

A

environment has a very strong influence on overall development

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6
Q

Dynamic Systems theories

A

movement emerges based on internal milieu, external environment, task

movement directed by dynamic, interacting systems

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7
Q

Neuronal Group Selection

A

Infant motor development with increased and decreased periods of variability, resultant from changes in CNS

Structure and function of neural networks created via genetic coding in infant development and environmental exposure/active movement related to behavioral experience

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8
Q

Prenatal

A

before birth

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9
Q

Gestation

A

measured in weeks, from the first day of the woman’s last menstrual cycle to the current date

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10
Q

Fertilization

A

egg fertilized by sperm to form zygote

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11
Q

Embryo

A

week 2-8 after fertilization

(beginning at week 2 accounts for the menstrual cycle)

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12
Q

Fetus

A

Developing week 9-37

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13
Q

Full term

A

equal to or greater than 37 weeks

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14
Q

Premature

A

less than 37 weeks

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15
Q

Neonate

A

infant up to 28 days after birth

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16
Q

Gastrulation Layers

A

Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm

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17
Q

Mesodermal cells

A

form notochord

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18
Q

Ectodermal cells

A

overlying cells at neural place fold inward to form neural tube, joining ends form neural crest

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19
Q

Neural tube

A

becomes CNS
formed from ectoderm

20
Q

Neural Crest

A

forms PNS, enteric nervous system, melanocytes, facial cartilage, cornea, inner ear, odontoblasts, enterochromaffin cells, spiral membrane

21
Q

Remaining Ectoderm…

A

will form epidermis of skin, hair, exocrine glands, anterior pituitary gland

22
Q

Cardiovascular Development

A

mesoderm
first system to develop
heart beat by week 4

23
Q

Pulmonary Development

A

lower tract begins day 22, will form on ventral wall of primitive endoderm

lungs develop in 5 stages

24
Q

5 stages of lung development

A

Embryonic –> 3-6 weeks
Pseudoglandular –> 5-17 weeks
Canalicular –> 16-25 weeks
Saccular –> 24 weeks to birth
Alveolar –> 36 weeks to 8 years

25
Gastrointestinal Development
Contains all three neuronal layers Ectoderm--PNS, neurons to GI tract Mesoderm--wall of gut, smooth muscle Endoderm--epithelial lining of GI tract and GI organs
26
Musculoskeletal Development
Mesoderm--bone, cartilage, muscle all bones derive from mesenchyme, which is connective tissue from mesoderm
27
Ovum and sperm chromosomes
each have 23 chromosomes
28
Environmental Influences
Access to prenatal care Teratogens Intrauterine Infections
29
Access to prenatal care
nutrition vitamins vaccinations management of conditions
30
Teratogens
heavy metals radiation medications illicit drugs infectious agents chronic maternal illness
31
Intrauterine infections
(TORCH) Toxoplasmosis Other Rubella Cytomegalovirus Herpes simplex
32
The F Words of Development
Functioning Family Fitness Fun Friends Future
33
APGAR Score
Developed by Virginia Apgar in 1952 Completed at 1 minute after birth to determine tolerance during birth process Completed again at 5 minutes to determine tolerance out of womb
34
APGAR
appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration Breathing effort Heart rate Muscle Tone Reflexes Skin Color
35
Breathing Effort
not breathing = 0 Respirations slow, irregular = 1 Cries well = 2
36
Heart Rate
No heartbeat = 0 <100 beats/min = 1 >100 beats/min = 2
37
Muscle Tone
muscles loose and floppy = 0 Some muscle tone = 1 Active motion = 2
38
Reflexes
No reaction = 0 Grimacing = 1 Grimacing and cough, sneeze or vigorous cry = 2
39
Skin color
pale blue = 0 body pink and extremities blue = 1 entire body pink = 2
40
Calculating Age with prematurity
done when born at less than 37 weeks chronological age, based on DOB - total # months and # days
41
28 weeks of gestation
rooting, palmar grasp, flexor withdrawal, cross extension, galant, moro
42
20 weeks of gestation
Asymmetrical tonic neck
43
Suck/swallow
28-34 weeks of gestation
44
Positive support
35 weeks of gestation
45
Autonomic walking/reflex stepping
37 weeks of gestation