L1- information age Flashcards
diff areas of society that have been influenced
communication, economics, industry, health, and the environment
knowledge communicated or obtained concerning a specific fact or circumstance
information
on what period/century information age included
period starting in the last quarter of the 20th century
it is the period when information became effortlessly accessible through publications and through the management of information by computers and computer networks
information age
information age is also called ?
digital age and the new media age
he proposed the theory of information age
James R. Messenger
on what year did Messenger proposed the theory of information age
1982
according to him, the information age is a true new age based upon the interconnection of computers via telecommunications, with these information systems operating on both a real-time and as needed basis
James R. Messenger
event on 3000 BC
sumerian writing system used pictographs to represent words
event during 2900 BC
beginnings of egyptian hieroglyphic writing
event on 1300 BC
tortoise shell and oracle bone writing were used
event on 500 BC
papyrus roll was used
event on 220 BC
chinese small seal writing was developed
event on 100 AD
book (parchment codex)
event on 105 AD
woodblock printing and paper was invented by the Chinese
event on 1455
johannes gutenberg invented the printing press using movable metal type
he invented the printing press using movable metal type
johannes gutenberg
event on 1755
samuel johnson’s dictionary standardized english spelling
who writes the world’s first computer program
augusta lady byron
where was the telegraph invented
great britain and the united states
who invented the electronic amplifying tube (triode)
lee deforest
television camera tube was invented by who
Zvorkyn
who foresaw the invention of hypertext
Vannevar Bush
who proposed field-of-information theory
Claude E. Shannon
hypercard was developed by ?
Bill Atkinson
wow many works of literature completed on one CD-ROM on 1991
FOUR HUNDRED FIFTY
when was the real angst set in
1980s
who labeled the real angst during 1980s as INFORMATION ANXIETY
Richard Wurman
described as a PC that is not designed for portability. it has more powerful processor, additional memory, and enhanced capabilities for performing special group of tasks such as 3d graphics or game development
desktop computer
portable computers integrating the essentials of a desktop computer in a battery-powered package, which are somewhat larger than a typical hardcover book. commonly called as notebooks
laptops
tightly integrated computers that usually have no keyboards but rely on a touch screen for user input. typically smaller than a paperback, lightweight, and battery-powered
personal digital assistants (PDAs)
PDA meaning
personal digital assistants
refers to a computer that has been improved to provide network services to other computers. servers usually boast powerful processors, tons of memory, and large hard drives
server
huge computer systems that can fill an entire room. used specially by large firms to describe the large, expensive machines that process millions of transactions every day
mainframes
involve materials that are usually integrated into cellphones, watches, and other small objects or places. they perform common computer applications such as databases, email, multimedia, and schedulers
wearable computers
american mathematician who was considered as the FATHER OF INFORMATION THEORY
claude e. shannon
internet or www was developed during the ? by the ?
1970s, Department of Defense
the internet remained under gov’t control until ?
1984
one early problem faced by Internet users?
speed
directors of a Stanford research project who built a search engine that listed results to reflect page popularity when they determined that the most popular result would frequently be the most usable
sergey brin and larry page
world’s popular search engine, accepting more than 200 million queries daily
internet service providers like ? set up electronic chat rooms. these were open areas of cyberspace where interested parties could join in a conversation with perfect strangers
America Online and CompuServe
microsoft
bill gates
apple
steve jobs
mark zuckerberg
application of information technology to store, organize and analyze vast amount of biological data which is available in the form of sequences and structures of proteins
bioinformatics
consolidated formal database known as ?? was initiated in ??
SWISS-PROT protein sequence database, 1986
swiss-prot now has ??? protein sequences from more than 5,000 model organisms
70,000
these are widely used for generating these databases and to identify the function of proteins, model the structure of proteins, determine the coding regions of nucleic acid sequences, find suitable drug compounds + etc
computers and software tools
some of the software tools which are handy in the analysis
BLAST, annotator, GeneFinder
BLAST function
used for comparing sequences
annotator function
interactive genome analysis tool
GeneFinder purpose
tool to identify coding regions and splice sites
the human genome research in 1988 is so huge that if compiled in books, the data would run into ?? volumes of ??? pages each and reading would require how many years
200 volumes of 1,000 pages. 26 years working around the clock
how many genomic sequence difference database entries for a 5 billion human beings
15,000,000
much-celebrated complete human genome sequence was formally announced on ??
26th of June 2000
much-celebrated complete human genome sequence involved more than ???
500 x 1018 (500 million trillion) calculations during the process of assembling the sequences alone
profound application of bioinformatics in genome sequence where potential targets for product development are hypothesized from the genome sequences
Insight
it requires a lot of calculations and has become faster due to the advances in computer processors and its architecture
Molecular Modeling
in plant biotech, bioinformatics is found to be useful in what areas
identifying diseases resistance genes and designing plants with high nutrition value
.edu
educational
.com
commercial
.mil
military
.gov
governmetn
.org
nonprofit
AFA e-newsletter
Alzheimer’s Foundation of America newsletter
library of congress historical digital collection
american memory
collection of free e-books including fictions, non-fictions, references, and verses
bartleby.com Great Books Online
search and view pages from american newspapers from 1880-1022
chronicling america
free collection of e-books from ebrary plus additional reports and documents to help better understand, prevent, and take action against this growing concern
cyber bullying
drug information websites:
national library of medicine’s medlineplus
drugs.com
PDRHealth
history sites with primary documents
AMDOCS
avalon project
internet modern history sourcebook
teacher oz’s kingdom of history
digital library of internet sites and other cultural artifact in digital form
internet archive
a digital library of primary sources in American social history
making of america
merger of librarians’ internet index and internet public library
ipl2
massive central data source and a handy way to graphically compare nations
nationmaster
first and largest single collection of free electronic books with currently over 20,000 e-books available
project gutenberg
literature, US History, and poetry information written primarily by PhD and masters students from top universities like Stanford, Berkeley, harvard, and yale
shmoop
unique statistical database which allows you to research and compare a multitude of different data on US states using various primary sources such as the US Census Bureau, the FBI, and the National Center for Educational Statistics. uses visualization tech like pie charts, maps, graphs, scatter plots to provide data
statemaster
selected web resources compiled by the library of congress
virtual reference
