L1 - Construction Technology - Building Flashcards
What upper floor systems are you aware of?
Pre-cast concrete slabs
Hollowcore slabs
Metal deck
What is a pre-cast concrete slab?
Cast and prestressed off-site, good for repetition and used usually when high load bearing is required.
What is a hollowcore slab?
Concrete slabs where tubular voids extend the length of the slab making the slab much lighter as less material.
What is a metal deck slab?
Concrete is poured onto the metal decking which is used as form work.
What other upper floor materials are you aware of not including concrete?
Timber - CLT
What is a typical CLT build up?
CLT is formed off-site and consists of timber panels stacked in on top of one another at 90 degree angles. This lamination creates strength.
What are the benefits of a CLT floor?
- Low embodied carbon, locks in carbon, more sustainable
- Lighter material
- Usually produced off-site so quicker construction time
- Good thermal performance
Disadvantages
- Poor acoustic properties, long lead in times and more expensive as produced in Europe.
What is the rate for a CLT floor?
Between £250-27/m2
What are key cost drivers of CLT frames?
Thicker timber floors required to transfer the load, therefore additional material required
Additional fire coating and acoustic matting required
What is a modern method of construction?
Usually manufactured off site and transported to site to be installed.
Categories:
3D Primary structural systems
2D Primary Structural Systems
Non-Systemised Structural Components
Additive Manufacturing
Non-structural Assembles and sub-assembles
Product led site labour reduction
Site progress led labour
What is modular construction?
3D units produced in a factory and fitted before transported to site.
Common on bathrooms / student accommodation
What are advantages and disadvantages of MMC?
Advantages
Higher quality as manufactured off site - more quality checks
Saves time on construction programme as quicker construction
Less labour needed
Disadvantages
Long lead in time
Early commitment to design for team and Client
Transportation issues
Life span
What is jump form?
Build floor by floor then the whole rig moves up to the next
What is slip form?
Concrete is continuously poured into a moving form, allowing for the rapid construction of tall, smooth concrete structures, like chimneys or core walls, without visible joints.
What is the build up of a partition?
Top plate
Studs
Noggins
Centres
Base plate
What is the rates for partitions?
Standard plasterboard - £400/m
Fire rated plasterboard - £800/m
What type of asbestos surveys can be carried out?
Management survey
Refurbishment survey
How do you waterproof a basement?
3 grades - how much protection is needed
1 - Basic
2 - Ok
3 - Very good
What is the build up for raised access flooring?
Pedestals
Adhesive
Panels
When would you mechanically fix raised access flooring?
When the floor void is over 600mm and fails the T42 swing bag test
What is the build up for suspended ceilings?
Install perimeter edge
Fix suspension points to underside of soffit
Attach hangers
Install main runners
Install cross tees
Fit ceiling tiles
What are the different types of partitions?
Timber stud, plaster skimmed.
Timber stud, dry-lined.
Timber stud, partially glazed.
Timber framed and panelled.
Timber framed and panelled and partially glazed.
Metal stud partition.
Metal stud, dry-lined.
Metal stud, partially glazed.
What are the different ceiling types?
Exposed ceilings
Suspended ceilings
Acoustic ceilings
When would you use a exposed ceiling?
Expose the structural and mechanical components
Extra space
Ease of maintenance
What is top down construction?
Construct the embedded retaining wall (usually a diaphragm wall).
Construct piles. Place the steel columns where the piles are constructed. (plunge columns)
Proceed to the first stage of excavation.
Cast the floor slab of first basement level with the opening to allow machines to be lowered to excavate level below and for excavation material to be removed.
Proceed to the second stage of excavation; cast the floor slab of the second basement level.
Repeat the same procedure until the desired depth is reached.
Construct the foundation slab. Complete the basement.
Keep constructing the superstructure until it gets finished.
What is bottom up construction?
Traditional - fully excavate then build up
