L1-9 Flashcards
What kind of size ranges best reflect those commonly found in microbiology?
10 nm to 100 um
What is a nucleotide composed of?
Phosphate group, pentose sugar, and nitrogenous group
What is the Central Dogma?
DNA is transcribed to RNA, which is then translated into protein
What is LUCA?
Last Universal Common Ancestor
What is a favorite food of Propionobacterium acne?
Oil
How do eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells?
eukaryotic cells have a distinct nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane
with organelles such as mitochondria and are much larger than prokaryotic cells
What is symbiosis?
A relationship between two or more species.
Mutualism
Benefits both
Parasitism
Benefits one, harms the other
Commensalism
Benefits one, doesn’t affect the other
What is the difference between facultative parasitism and obligate parasitism?
Obligate refers to when one organism cannot survive without the other. Facultative means one easily can survive without the other
How to avoid infection by brain-eating amoeba or guinea worm?
Water safety
What is the theory of endosymbiosis?
Organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts are derived from ancient bacteria which were engulfed by eukaryotic cells
What is an enzyme?
A protein that can catalyze reactions
What is a microbiome?
A community of microorganisms that can usually be found living together in any given habitat.
What is the difference between anabolism and catabolism?
Anabolism refers to using energy, catabolism refers to capturing energy