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The Wanderer > l. 70-115 > Flashcards

l. 70-115 Flashcards

1
Q

Beorn sceal gebīdan, þonne hē bēot spriceð,

A

A warrior must wait when he says a boast,

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2
Q

“bēot”

A

“boast” -> Think of a boasting beetroot!

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3
Q

“spriceð”

A

“speaks”

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4
Q

oþ þæt collenferð cunne gearwe

A

until the proud-hearted one clearly knows

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5
Q

hwider hreþra gehygd hweorfan wille.

A

as to where his heart’s intention will turn.

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6
Q

“hreþra”

A

gen. sg. “heart”, “mind”

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7
Q

“gehygd”

A

“thought”, “intention”

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8
Q

Ongietan sceal glēaw hæle hū gǣstlic bið,

A

A wise man must understand how terrible it will be,

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9
Q

“glēaw”

A

“wise” -> Glowing with wisdom.

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10
Q

þonne ealre þisse worulde wela wēste stondeð,

A

when all the wealth of this world stands idle,

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11
Q

swā nū missenlīce geond þisne middangeard

A

as now here and there throughout this middle-world

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12
Q

winde biwāune weallas stondaþ,

A

walls stand blown upon by wind,

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13
Q

hrīme bihrorene, hrȳðge þā ederas.

A

covered by frostm those snow-swept enclosures.

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14
Q

“hrȳðge”

A

“snow-swept”

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15
Q

Wōriað þā wīnsalo, waldend licgað

A

The wine-halls decay, the Lord lies

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16
Q

“wōriað”

A

“decay” -> Think of a decaying war zone

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17
Q

drēame bidrorene,

A

deprived of joy,

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18
Q

duguþ eal gecrong, /

wlonc bi wealle.

A

the host are all fallen, the proud by the wall.

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19
Q

Sume wīg fornom, / ferede in forðwege:

A

War took away some, / carried on the way forth (death)

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20
Q

What common Old English trope is explored in lines 80-84?

A

The common “Beasts of Battle” formula, as Baker explains, which imagines the raven, the eagle and the wolf feasting on the corpses of the slain. Here the bird bearing a corpse away over the sea also recalls the narrator himself sending his “weary spirit” out over the sea.

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21
Q

sumne fugel oþbær /

ofer hēanne holm,

A

a bird bore away one / over the deep sea,

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22
Q

sumne se hāra wulf dēaðe gedǣlde,

A

the grey wolf divided one with death,

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23
Q

sumne drēorighlēor /

in eorðscræfe eorl gehȳdde.

A

one sad-faced nobleman was buried in an earthen cave.

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24
Q

Ȳþde swā þisne eardgeard ælda Scyppend

A

Thus the Creator of men devastated this world

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25
Q

“ȳþde”

A

“laid waste”, “devastated”

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26
Q

“ælda”

A

“of men”

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27
Q

“Scyppend”

A

“Creator”

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28
Q

oþ þæt burgwara breahtma lēase

A

until lacking the noise of the town-dwellers

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29
Q

“breahtma”

A

“noise”, “revelry”, “brightness” -> Think of Brahma beer which causes lots of fun and revelry!

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30
Q

eald enta geweorc īdlu stōdon.

A

the ancient work of giants stood empty.

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31
Q

What does enta geweorc mean?

A

The formula enta ġeweorc is used of magnificent artifacts from the distant past. In Beowulf it is used of the giant sword with which Beowulf kills Grendel’s mother (1679), as well as the dragon’s barrow and its contents (2717, 2774). In The Ruin 2 it is used of the Roman ruins at Bath, and similarly in Andreas 1495 it is used of an ancient edifice.

32
Q

Se þonne þisne wealsteal wīse geþōhte /

ond þis deorce līf dēope geondþenceð,

A

He then thought wisely on this foundation / and ponders deeply this dark life

33
Q

“geondþenceð”

A

“thinks through”

34
Q

“wealsteal”

A

“wall-stand”, “foundation”

35
Q

frōd in ferðe, feor oft gemon

A

wise in spirit, remembers often from afar

36
Q

wælsleahta worn,

A

a multitude of slaughters,

37
Q

“worn”

A

“multitude” -> Think of something over-worn multiple times.

38
Q

ond þās word ācwið:

A

and says these words:

39
Q

Hwǣr cwōm mearg? Hwǣr cwōm mago? Hwǣr cwōm māþþumgyfa?

A

What came of the horse? What came of the kinsman? What came of the treasure-giver?

40
Q

What is an ubi sunt formula?

A

The phrase hwǣr cwōm, which means “what has become of,” echoes the Latin formula ubi sunt ‘where are’, often used in sermons to convey the theme of the transitoriness of worldly goods. But while the prevailing tone of such sermons is scorn for worthless riches, the speaker in The Wanderer seems to feel something more akin to regret for the loss of a good thing. Ambiguous treatment of transience by poet.

41
Q

Hwǣr cwōm symbla gesetu? Hwǣr sindon seledrēamas?

A

What came of the seats of the feast? Where are the hall-joys?

42
Q

Ēalā beorht bune! Ēalā byrnwiga!

Ēalā þēodnes þrym!

A

Alas the bright cup! Alas the warrior in chainmail! Alas the lord’s splendour!

43
Q

Hū sēo þrāg gewāt,

genāp under nihthelm, swā hēo nō wǣre.

A

How that time departed, grew dark under night-cover, as if it never were.

44
Q

Stondeð nū on lāste lēofre duguþe

A

There stands now on the track of the beloved host

45
Q

weal wundrum hēah, wyrmlīcum fāh.

A

a wall wondrously high, decorated round with serpents.

46
Q

Eorlas fornōman asca þrȳþe,

A

Hosts of spears took away warriors,

47
Q

“fornōman”

A

“took away” -> Think of forbidding.

48
Q

“asca”

A

“spears”

49
Q

“þrȳþe”

A

“multitudes”, “hosts”

50
Q

wǣpen wælgīfru, wyrd sēo mǣre,

A

weapons greedy for slaughter, the famous destiny,

51
Q

ond þās stānhleoþu stormas cnyssað,

A

and these storms crash against the stony cliffs,

52
Q

hrīð hrēosende hrūsan bindeð, / wintres wōma,

A

frost falling binds the earth, / winter’s tumult,

53
Q

þonne won cymeð, /

nīpeð nihtscūa,

A

when darkness comes, the night-shade grows dark,

54
Q

norþan onsendeð

hrēo hæglfare hæleþum on andan.

A

from the north is sent a fierce hailstorm with anger upon men.

55
Q

“hrēo”

A

“rough”, “fierce” / “disturbed”, “troubled” -> Hey oh! That’s a fierce old storm.

56
Q

Eall is earfoðlic eorþan rīce;

A

All is full of hardship on the kingdom of the earth;

57
Q

“earfoðlic”

A

“difficult”, “laborious”, “full of hardship”

58
Q

onwendeð wyrda gesceaft weoruld under heofonum.

A

the destiny of events changes the world under heavens.

59
Q

“onwendeð”

A

“changes”, “overturns”

60
Q

Hēr bið feoh lǣne, hēr bið frēond lǣne,
hēr bið mon lǣne, hēr bið mǣg lǣne,
eal þis eorþan gesteal īdel weorþeð.

A

Here wealth is transitory, here friend is transitory, here man is transitory, here kinsman is transitory; all this earth’s foundation becomes idle.

61
Q

Swā cwæð snottor on mōde; gesæt him sundor æt rūne.

A

Thus spoke a man wise in mind; sat apart with himself at counsel.

62
Q

Til biþ se þe his trēowe gehealdeþ;

A

Good is he who preserves his faith;

63
Q

“til”

A

“good” -> good ol’ tilly

64
Q

“trēowe”

A

“faith” -> it sounds like true: staying true to one’s belief-system

65
Q

ne sceal nǣfre his torn tō rycene /

beorn of his brēostum ācȳþan,

A

never should a man ever reveal his grief too quickly from the breast,

66
Q

“torn”

A

“grief”, “anger”, “suffering” -> Imagine being torn up inside.

67
Q

nemþe hē ǣr þā bōte cunne

A

unless he knows the remedy before

68
Q

“bōte”

A

“help”, “remedy”, “atonement”, “penance”

69
Q

eorl mid elne gefremman.

A

a nobleman must act with courage.

70
Q

Wel bið þām þe him āre sēceð,

A

It will be well for him who seeks grace,

71
Q

“āre”

A

l. 114 “honour”, “favour”, “grace”, “mercy” -> Envelope structure back to the beginning collapses the time frame of the poem.

72
Q

frōfre tō Fæder on heofonum,

A

“consolation from the Father in heaven”

73
Q

“frōfre”

A

“consolation”, “help” -> The Wanderer-persona previously looks for this on earth (l. 28) in other people, but then realises that it is only God who can provide relief from the condition of earthly suffering.

74
Q

þǣr ūs eal sēo fæstnung stondeð.

A

where all stability stands for us.

75
Q

“fæstnung”

A

“stability”, “security”, “safety”, “protection”

The Wanderer (3 decks)

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