KPT Flashcards
What is the kinetic particle theory?
The KPT states that all matter is made up of discrete particles in constant random motion.
Describe the structure of solid particles, accounting for proximity, arrangement, f.o.a. and movement.
Solid particles are
1. Regularly arranged
2. Closely packed
3. Have relatively strong attractive forces between them
4. Vibrate and rotate at fixed positions
Describe the physical properties of solids
Solids
1. Have a fixed volume
2. Have a fixed shape
3. Cannot be compressed
4. Do not take the shape of its container
Describe the structure of liquid particles, accounting for proximity, arrangement, f.o.a. and movement.
Liquid particles are
1. irregularly arranged
2. closely packed
3. have some attractive forces between them not as strong as those in solids
4. move and slide over one another freely keeping contact with each other
Describe the physical properties of liquids
Liquids
1. Have a fixed volume
2. Do not have a fixed shape
3. Are not compressible
4. Takes the shape of its container
Describe the structure of gas particles, accounting for proximity, arrangement, f.o.a. and movement.
Gas particles are
1. Irregularly arranged
2. far apart and has space to come closer to each other
3. have negligible attractive forces between them
4. move randomly at high speeds
Describe the physical properties of gases
Gases
1. have no fixed volume
2. have no fixed shape
3. are compressible
4. takes the shape of its container
In a heating curve, what happens during a change in state?
There is a change in thermal energy but not in temperature
What do all pure substances have?
Fixed melting and boiling points
What is the difference between a pure and impure substance wrt temperature?
A pure substance melts/boils at an exact temperature, while an impure substance melts/boils over a range of temperatures.
What occurs in a change in temperature?
Thermal energy supplied is used in making particles move more/less vigorously, and faster/slower.
What occur in a change in physical state?
Thermal energy supplied is used in overcoming the forces of attraction/forming bonds between the particles.
Which substances can undergo sublimation?
Dry ice, ammonium chloride, iodine
Describe the process of melting.
During melting, solid particles gain energy and move faster, eventually gaining enough energy to overcome the attractive forces between the particles and change from a regular to irregular arrangement. The particles now move and slide over one another freely within the liquid.
Describe boiling
During boiling, liquid particles gain energy and move about even faster, eventually gaining enough energy to overcome the attractive forces between the particles. The particles now move randomly at high speeds with no constraints.
