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Endocrine II > Konorev - Drugs Used in Diabetes > Flashcards

Konorev - Drugs Used in Diabetes Flashcards

1
Q

rapid acting insulins

A

aspart
lispro
glulisine

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2
Q

short acting insulins

A

regular insulin

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3
Q

intermediate acting insulins

A

NPH

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4
Q

long acting insulin

A

detemir

glargine

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5
Q

amylin analog

A

pramlintide

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6
Q

GLP-1 agonists

A

exenatide

liraglutide

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7
Q

DPP4 inhibitors

A

sitagliptin
linagliptin
saxagliptin
alogliptin

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8
Q

1st gen sulfonylureas

A

chlorpropamide
tolbutamide
tolazamide

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9
Q

2nd gen sulfonylureas

A

glipizide
glyburide
glimepiride

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10
Q

meglitinides

A

nateglinide

repaglinide

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11
Q

biguanide

A

metformin

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12
Q

thiazolidinediones

A

pioglitasone

rosiglitazone

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13
Q

SGLT1 inhibitors

A

canagliflozin
dapagliflozin
empagliflozin

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14
Q

alpha-glycosidase inhibitors

A

acarbose

miglitol

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15
Q

basal insulin maintenance, 1-2 injections daily

A

long acting insulin

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16
Q

injected 45 min before meals

A

short acting insulin

17
Q

taken before meals

A

rapid acting insulin

18
Q

inidcations for insulin

A

T1 DM, T2 DM, gestational diabetes, severe hyperK

19
Q

MC complication of insulin therapy

A

hypoglycemia

20
Q

confusion, bizarre behavior, seizures, coma, tachy, palpitations, sweating, tremor, hunger, nausea

A

signs of hypoglycemia

21
Q

tx of hypoglycemia

A

glucose
diazoxide
glucagon

22
Q

clinical uses: glucagon

A

moderate-severe hypoglycemia
beta-blocker OD
radiology of the bowel

23
Q

tx: amylin analogs

A

T1 and T2 DM

24
Q

drug interations of amylin analogs

A

ehances effects of anticholinergic drugs in GI tract

25
Q

AEs: amylin analogs

A

GI s/s: N/V/D, anorexia,

severe hypoglycemia

26
Q

AEs: long acting GLP-1 agonists

A

GI s/s, lower risk hypoglycemia, linked to pancreatitis, link to pancreatic and possibly thyroid cancer

27
Q

AEs: DPP4 inhibitors

A

URIs, nasopharyngitis, acute pancreatitis, hypoglycemia

28
Q

AEs: sulfonylureas

A

hypoglycemia, wt gain, secondary failure, disulfiram-like effect of etoh flushing, HSN reations

29
Q

AEs: meglitinides

A

wt gain, secondary failure, hypoglycemia

30
Q

MCly used oral agent to tx T2 DM - first line

A

metformin

31
Q

AE: metformin

A

GI complications, decreased B12 abs, lactic acidosis

32
Q

MOA: thiazolidinesiones

A

increase PPAR-gamma epcression > increase GLUT4 in skeletal mm + adiposites, increase insulin sensitivity, antinflammatory actions

33
Q

AEs: thiazolidinesiones

A

weight gain, edema, HF exacerbation, increased risk of bladder cancer, osteoporosis, increased TC and LDL-C

34
Q

MOA: SGLT2 inhibitors

A

inhibition of SGLT2 in proximal tubule to increase glucose excretion in urine

35
Q

MOA: alpha-glycosidase inhibitors

A

inhibits alpha-glycosidases on the brush border of intestinal epi, lowers postprandial hyperglycemia

36
Q

AEs: alpha-glycosidase inhibitors

A

malabsorption, flatulence, diarrhea, abd bloating, hypoglycemia possible

Endocrine II (4 decks)

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