Kohlenberg > Anxiety, PTSD, part II

Question 1

when does PTSD develop?

Answer 1

after exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence

Question 2

what are the routes of PTSD?

Answer 2

to you
witnessed
learned that it happened to a family member/close friend (must be violent or accidental)
experiencing repeated exposure to details

Question 3

what are the 4 secondary PTSD criteria?

Answer 3

intrusion sx
avoidance
detachment (negative cognition)
alterations in arousal & reactivity

Question 4

what is the time frame for acute PTSD ?

Answer 4

<3 mos

Question 5

what is the time frame for chronic PTSD?

Answer 5

> 3 mos

Question 6

what is the time frame for delayed PTSD expression?

Answer 6

sx 6+ mos after stressor

Question 7

what are the sequelae of PTSD regarding dysfunction?

Answer 7

interpersonal
occupational
self esteem
emotional control

Question 8

what are the sequelae of PTSD regarding general medical care?

Answer 8

inc outpt visits (VA)
women w/ sex abuse hx
higher annual costs
(idk if this should be a card)

Question 9

what was PTSD first associated with?

Answer 9

civil war combat > soldier’s heart, battle fatigue, shell shock

Question 10

what is the current conflict surrounding PTSD?

Answer 10

~300k ppl / 35% of soldiers and marines will experience PTSD

Question 11

how often do PTSD treatments lead to complete remission?

Answer 11

30-50% of the time

Question 12

how much of the US population experiences trauma?

Answer 12

50%+

Question 13

how many people who have experienced trauma go on to develop PTSD (%)?

Answer 13

5% of men

10.4% of women

Question 14

what are the 5 types of trauma?

Answer 14

near
far (wherever you are)
intimate 
catastrophic
extraordinary (war, terrorism, natural disaster)

Question 15

who can be diagnosed w/ PTSD?

Answer 15

anyone

civilians & veterans

Question 16

what are some risk factors for developing PTSD?

Answer 16

living thru a trauma (duh)
hx of mental illness
getting hurt
seeing ppl hurt/killed
having little-no social support after a bad event
extra stress after an event

Question 17

what are some post-trauma risk factors?

Answer 17

weak/deteriorating psychosocial resources (support)
highly disrupted/traumatized community
substance abuse/emotional avoidance

Question 18

T/F: most people exposed to trauma do NOT have psychological sequelae

Answer 18

True

that’s called resilience motherfucker

Question 19

what are 5 resilience factors?

Answer 19

seeking support
support group
feeling good about one’s actions in the face of danger
coping strategy
acting & responding effectively despite fear

Question 20

what do pts believe healing involves?

Answer 20

forgetting
escaping/controlling past traumas
cutting a trauma out of their lives

Question 21

what are 3 types of cognitive therapies for PTSD?

Answer 21

exposure therapy
cognitive restructuring
stress inoculation training

Question 22

what is exposure therapy wrt PTSD?

Answer 22

helps pts face & control fear
expose pt to trauma in a safe way
use mental imagery, writing, or visits to location of event
cope w/ feelings

Question 23

what is cognitive restructuring?

Answer 23

help ppl make sense of the bad memories or deal with memories in a realistic way

Question 24

what is stress inoculation training?

Answer 24

reduce PTSD sx by teaching pt how to reduce anxiety > look at memories in a healthy way

Question 25

how is cognitive restructuring like stress inoculation training?

Answer 25

both try to help pts look at memories in a healthy/positive way

Question 26

what is talk therapy?

Answer 26

teach people helpful ways to react to scary events that trigger their PTSD sx

Question 27

what are goals of talk therapy?

Answer 27

teach about trauma
use relaxation skills
provide tips for better sleep, diet, exercise
ID & deal w/ shame, guilt
focus on changing rxn to PTSD sx

Question 28

how many people in addiction treatment have PTSD (%)?

Answer 28

60%

Question 29

T/F: pts w/ PTSD & substance use disorder have better treatment outcomes

Answer 29

FUCKING FALSE

Question 30

what is acute stress disorder?

Answer 30

similar to PTSD
BUT
time is limited: from 3 days to 1 month with 3 or more dissociative sx

Question 31

what are the dissociative sx that may be assoc w/ acute stress disorder?

Answer 31

need 3+
numbing/detachment
reduced awareness (daze)
derealization
depersonalization
dissociative amnesia

Question 32

what are adjustment disorders?

Answer 32

emotional/behavioral sx in response to an identifiable stressor w/i 3 months of the stressor that are CLINICALLY SIGNIFICANT & sx resolve w/i 6 mos of stressor termination

Question 33

what are the 3 dissociative disorders?

Answer 33

dissociative amnesia
depersonalization disorder
dissociative identity disorder

Question 34

what is dissociative amnesia?

Answer 34

inability to recall imp info
usu related to trauma
abrupt & resolves quickly

Question 35

wtf is dissociative amnesia w/ dissociative fugue?

Answer 35

sudden unexpected travel w/ inability to recall one’s past

confusion about identity or assumption of new identity

Question 36

what is depersonalization disorder?

Answer 36

extreme detachment w/ intact reality testing

Question 37

T/F: transient depersonalization is pathological

Answer 37

False

Question 38

what is dissociative identity disorder?

Answer 38

aka multiple personality disorder

2 or more distinct personality states that take over a pt’s behavior w/ inability to recall pds of time or personal info

Question 39

what is dissociative identity disorder assoc w/?

Answer 39

horrific childhood abuse

Question 40

you are smart!

Answer 40

you are doing so good!