Knowledge Transfer Flashcards
Your agile team has been trying to resolve a perplexing problem for some time and not progressing with the resolution. One of your senior team members suddenly has a different approach and states this will work. You ask the team member why she thinks it will work, to which she simply states, “I just do not know why. I just know it will, trust me.” Which of the following best describes the knowledge transfer used in this situation?
A. She is using her leadership skills to resolve the issue.
B. She is using explicit knowledge to resolve the issue.
C. She is using tacit knowledge to resolve the issue.
D. She is using the forcing technique to resolve the issue.
Answer: C
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
The best answer here is that she is using tacit knowledge, which is based on her experience and beliefs and is often difficult to express. Explicit knowledge is something that can easily be written down or expressed in words, pictures, graphs, etc. This is not forcing since there is no conflict here with anyone (the question asks about knowledge transfer). Although you could argue A could be a good answer since she is taking charge of the situation, the question is not asking about skills. Leadership is a skill.
During your project, you are assigning roles and responsibilities using a RAM. What process best describes what you are doing?
A. Estimate Activity Resources
B. Manage team
C. Acquire Human Resources
D. Plan Resource Management
Answer: D
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
Resource planning involves identifying and documenting project roles, responsibilities and reporting relationships. The RAM (responsibility assignment matrix) is a subset of Data representation, which is a tool and technique of Plan Resource Management.
Which of the following will best assist the agile coach ensure proper knowledge is being transferred to increase project continuity?
A. Co-locate your agile team
B. Utilize different resources throughout the project
C. Document policies and procedures for future reference
D. Allow your team to telecommute to improve morale
Answer: A
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
Option A is correct. Colocation teams work together in one physical space. Colocation allows the team to collaborate face-to-face, which improves productivity. It also enables osmotic communication, which allows team members to reside in the same room and absorb relevant information.
You are the project manager for a project to restore a passenger train station building that is on the National Register of Historic Places. While you’ve managed station restoration projects before, this is the first time you will be doing it for a historical structure. To help you avoid any obvious pitfalls, you want to see how similar projects from the past avoided them–or if they encountered them, how they handled them. What is the best source to consult to uncover this information?
A. Lessons Learned Register
B. Lessons Learned Repository
C. Issues Logs from past projects
D. Risk Registers from past projects
Answer: B
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
While all four sources may prove useful, the best one to examine first is the Lessons Learned Repository, because it will have all lessons learned across all projects. Assuming it is organized with metadata tags, you will be able to filter for the kind of information you are seeking–in this case, lessons learned on historical train station restoration projects. A Lessons Learned Register is produced separately for each project, so trying to find what you are looking for by examining multiple registers would take considerably more time. Same idea for Issues Logs and Risk Registers for past projects, which are also produced on a per project basis.
Which of the following is not a project knowledge responsibility within a project team?
A. Benchmarking
B. Facilitation
C. Networking
D. Political awareness
Answer: A
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
Project knowledge management responsibilities within the team include: - Leadership to communicate the organization’s vision and inspire the project team to focus on the goals of the project - Facilitation to effectively guide a group to a successful solution to a problem - Political awareness to keep the project manager aware of the organization’s political environment - Networking to facilitate relations among project stakeholders so that knowledge is shared at all levels - Benchmarking is a tool or technique for collecting requirements
You are the project manager in a project-oriented organization. You are working closely with the PMO to document lessons learned and other important records. In the past, you have been reluctant to document lessons learned because you were often immediately assigned to a new project that you did not want to delay. However, your PMO is adamant about properly archiving all necessary documentation. Archived project records will be most helpful for which of the following reasons?
A. It is recommended by the project management office
B. To document project performance
C. To provide necessary information to reward the team
D. To support future projects
Answer: D
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
Project archives are required to support future projects in the performing organization. Even though the other choices are true to some extent, the best response is choice D.
How often should the Lessons Learned Register be updated during an Agile project?
A. During the Retrospective
B. During Release Planning
C. At the Sprint Review
D. As needed
Answer: D
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
On any project, regardless of agile, predictive etc., the Lessons Learned Register is documented throughout the project as needed. Option D includes all of the other options. PMI Authorized PMP Exam Prep Student Guide/ Page 194
You are working on your first project at a new job. Your organization says they are Agile. You have noticed that members of your team have made mistakes and those very same mistakes have happened in past projects. What should you do?
A. Nothing, mistakes like this are unavoidable in the agile environment. This is why we say “working software over comprehensive documentation”
B. Suggest changing project methodologies to a Flow-Based Agile approach
C. Talk to the PMO to ensure the notes from your retrospectives are being saved in a knowledge repository and disseminated to other project teams
D. Fill out a change request form on the behalf of your team because you are a servant leader
Answer: C
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
The gathering of lessons learned and the dissemination of lessons learned is central to the role of the PMO in all methodologies to read more about the PMO in an agile environment read p 81-82 in the Agile Practice Guide (4th bullet p 82)
You are working on your first agile project at a new job. You are facilitating the creation of a document that will hopefully foster an agile work environment and serve as a social contract for the team. What project document are you and your team making?
A. Agile team manifesto
B. Stakeholder engagement plan
C. Team charter
D. Communication management plan
Answer: C
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
The team charter acts as a social contract for the team read more on p 49-50 in the Agile Practice Guide. B and D are projects plans not project documents see p 89 in the PMBOK Guide
Which of the following is not true about explicit and tacit knowledge?
A. Explicit knowledge includes pictures
B. Explicit knowledge can be reused
C. Tacit knowledge includes Numbers
D. Tacit knowledge can be used to create new knowledge
Answer: C
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
Explicit knowledge is readily codified using words, pictures, and numbers, while tacit knowledge is personal and difficult to express, such as beliefs, insights, experience, and know-how. Both are managed with the intent to reuse existing knowledge and create new knowledge.
Your project has met all of its objectives and is now ready for Closing. You have performed final project audits, project evaluations and overseen resource reassignment. One of the important remaining tasks you must perform is what?
A. Closing the contract
B. Performing knowledge transfer
C. Rewarding the team
D. Validating scope
Answer: B
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
According to the PMBOK Guide, knowledge transfer to production and/or operations is a key part of closing. Project Managers no longer close contracts according to PMI and rewarding the team and validating scope are both pre-closing.
You are working on your first project at a new job. Your organization says they are Agile. You have noticed that members of your team have made mistakes and those very same mistakes have happened in past projects. What should you do?
A. Nothing, mistakes like this are unavoidable in the agile environment. This is why we say “working software over comprehensive documentation.”
B. Suggest changing project methodologies to a Flow-Based Agile approach.
C. Talk to the PMO to ensure the notes from your retrospectives are being saved in a knowledge repository and disseminated to other project teams.
D. Fill out a change request form on the behalf of your team because you are a servant leader.
Answer: C
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
The gathering of lessons learned and the dissemination of lessons learned is central to the role of the PMO in all methodologies to read more about the PMO in an agile environment read p 81-82 in the Agile Practice Guide (4th bullet p 82)
You are putting together a chart that shows the project team members and their associated activities. Which best describes what you are creating?
A. Resource break down structure (RBS)
B. Resource Management Plan
C. Roles and responsibilities matrix
D. Gantt chart
Answer: C
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
Management is looking for a roles and responsibility matrix. This chart lists the roles and responsibilities along with the project work items. A RACI chart is frequently used to achieve this.
Project team members are busier than usual. They indicate that they do not have the time to update the lessons learned because of other project responsibilities. How should the project manager respond to this issue?
A. Require submission of lessons learned documentation after each project deliverable is accepted by the customer.
B. Ensure there is an agenda item for discussion of lessons learned from project activities as part of all project meetings.
C. File a change request to the project management office (PMO) to change how often lessons learned is collected.
D. Bring in a consultant to assist with collecting lessons learned to help reduce the burden on project team.
Answer: B
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
The lessons learned collection must be present throughout the project, using different facilitating techniques. PMBOK Guide Sixth Edition (2017) PMI/PMI/4.4.3.1/104
A project manager receives complaints from a project sponsor because of a delay in developing a prototype. The project manager responded that the delay was due to a lack of a specific skill that was needed by the cross-functional project team. How could the project manager avoid this type of situation in the future?
A. Create training sessions at the start of the project, so all necessary skills are learned.
B. List required skills for the project, and organize the project team based on those skills.
C. Consult with the project sponsor to add training once the lack of a specific skill becomes apparent.
D. Empower team members to problem solve where skills may be lacking, using the skills they do have.
Answer: B
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
Develop the human resource management plan by defining the roles and responsibilities of the project team members in order to create a project organizational structure and provide guidance regarding how resources will be assigned and managed. PMBOK Guide Sixth Edition (2017), 9. Project Resource Management / 9.3.3 Develop Team: Outputs, p343. The Agile Practice Guide (2017), 4 Implementing Agile: Creating An Agile Environment / 4.3.3 Generalizing Specialists, p42
You are a project manager and trying to explain to your sponsor why knowledge management is so important. Which of the following best explains the importance of this concept?
A. Effective knowledge management encourages cross-organizational data sharing
B. Good knowledge management tools and techniques will ensure successful knowledge management
C. Capture and sharing of explicit and tacit knowledge via an easily accessible repository for all stakeholders
D. Knowledge management will help the project save time and money
Answer: C
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
Project team members cannot be forced to share their knowledge, but the PM can create an atmosphere of trust so that people are motivated to share their knowledge. Lacking this atmosphere, other tools and techniques may prove ineffective.
You are an experienced project manager for a computer development company. You were assigned a long and complicated project. Generally, your stakeholders are satisfied and you are feeling good about the project outcome. You have completed your project delivery and are currently in the project closing process. You have started preparing the lessons learned register. What should be your primary goal when creating this document?
A. Ensuring your lessons learned are communicated to the stakeholders following the Stakeholder Engagement Plan
B. Process analysis
C. Continuous improvement
D. Documenting everything that has happened throughout the project
Answer: C
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
Lessons learned are useful in process improvements from an organizational and technical perspective. The information will be useful for future projects and be a valuable component of the organizational process assets.
You are having a discussion with another PM about the importance of collecting lesson learned for a project. Which of the following is a common misconception about capturing project knowledge?
A. Access to archived knowledge sh ould be strictly controlled
B. Managing knowledge involves just documenting it so it can be shared
C. It should collected throughout the project
D. Only tacit knowledge can be shared in this way
Answer: B
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
The two misconceptions are (1) managing knowledge involves just documenting it so it can be shared, and (2) managing knowledge involves just obtaining lessons learned at the end of the project in order to use them in future projects
As a project manager you will report to someone who oversees a group of related projects to ensure the organization’s needs are being met. To which of the following are you reporting?
A. Portfolio Manager
B. General Manager
C. Project Manager
D. Program Manager
Answer: D
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
The Program Manager manages multiple projects under specific organizational criteria, and will be one of the people to whom a project manager will report.
You are working on your first agile project at a new job. You are facilitating the creation of a document that will hopefully foster an agile work environment and serve as a social contract for the team. What project document are you and your team making?
A. Agile team manifesto
B. Stakeholder engagement plan
C. Team charter
D. Communication management plan
Answer: C
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
The team charter acts as a social contract for the team read more on pp. 49-50 in the Agile Practice Guide. B and D are projects plans, not project documents. See p. 89 in the PMBOK Guide.
Which of the following is true about explicit knowledge?
A. When explicit knowledge is codified, context is preserved
B. It is always preferred over tacit knowledge
C. Explicit knowledge is difficult to record
D. Codified explicit knowledge can be easily shared
Answer: D
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
While codified explicit knowledge can be recorded and shared easily, it lacks context and is open to different interpretations.
Which process has the Lessons Learned Register as an output?
A. Close Project or Phase
B. Implement Risk Responses
C. Direct and Manage Project Work
D. Manage Project Knowledge
Answer: D
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
The Lessons Learned Register is an output of Manage Project Knowledge, although it is updated as part of Project Documents Updates within Close Project or Phase, Implement Risk Responses, and Direct and Manage Project Work
You are trying to make sure that the skills, experience, and expertise of the project team and other stakeholders are used before, during and after the project. What process helps you with this goal?
A. Manage Team
B. Manage Project Knowledge
C. Monitor and Control Project Work
D. Manage Stakeholders Engagement
Answer: B
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
The process of Manage Project Knowledge has the goal of ensuring that skills, experience, and expertise are properly utilized.
Everyone in this organization works on projects. Who is most likely to be responsible for team development?
A. Project manager
B. Functional manager
C. Stakeholders
D. Project team
Answer: A
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
The question implies that this is a projectized organization as the resources are involved in project work. The project manager owns the responsibility of managing team development in a projectized organization.
As a Project Manager, you have a professional and social responsibility to encourage the ongoing enhancement of project management at your company. To help achieve this goal, you could do which of the following?
A. Train people on project management
B. Explain the value of project management to those that do not understand it
C. Show how project management can help solve problems
D. All of the above
Answer: D
Process - Task 16 - Knowledge Transfer
These are all processes that help advance project management as a profession. The lessons learned documentation is a good resource to utilize in this regard.
