Knowledge clip lecture 4

Question 1

what is sickness absence?

Answer 1

non attendance when scheduled to work, due to illness

Question 2

what is presenteeism?

Answer 2

being present, but not productive due to health problems

Question 3

what is the medical model about sickness absence?

Answer 3

• someone gets sick, goes to the doctor, is treated, recovers and finally goes back to work
• recovery of health is considered a necessary condition for returning to work

Question 4

what is the withdrawal model of sickness absence?

Answer 4

• employees withdrawal from an unpleasant or unhealthy working situation by calling in sick

Question 5

what are 2 withdrawal theories of sickness absence?

Answer 5

• EVNL model
• equity theory

Question 6

explain the EVNL model of sickness absence

Answer 6

says there are 4 responses to job dissatisfaction
- exit: leave the field and quit job
- voice: speak up and complain
- loyalty: keep calm and carry on despite dissatisfaction
- neglect: do your job in a unproductive way, e.g. leave early

Question 7

explain the equity theory of sickness absence

Answer 7

there should be a balance between investments and work outcomes
- this is compared with colleagues

Question 8

what are stress theories of sickness absence?

Answer 8

employees call in sick because they experience health problems, such as burnout complaints as a result of their job
- e.g. DCS model, JD-R model, DISC model and effort-recovery models

Question 9

what are social influence theories of sickness absence?

Answer 9

your behavior (calling in sick) is dependent on actions and opinions of others around you
- absence culture
- soial comparison
- attitudes and norms

Question 10

what is the Allegro & Veerman model about sickness absence?

Answer 10

sickness absence is the result of a mismatch between workload and work capability of a person
- health complaints because of workload exceeding what a person can handle
- based on absence threshold (based on need of absence and opportunity of absence)
- based on work resumption threshold

Question 11

what are the most important results of the SMASH study?
- how are burnout and job satisfaction longitudinally related to sickness absence?
- a year later
- complete panel design

Answer 11

• burnout increased total time lost (long term sickness absence)
• job satisfaction reduced absence frequency (short term)
• burnout reduces job satisfaction

not expected: long-term absence increased job satisfaction a year later
- survived, so happy with succesful return to work

Question 12

what are sustainable careers?

Answer 12

career paths to provide long-term satisfaction, adaptability and employability for individuals, while also aligning with social, environmental and economic sustainability goals
- careers that fits the person and enables this person to work in happy, healthy and productive way, now and in the future

Question 13

what is central in the sustainable career model?

Answer 13

person-career fit

Question 14

what are 3 indicators of a sustainable career?

Answer 14

• hapiness
• health
• productivity

Question 15

what are 3 dimensions in the sustainable career model?

Answer 15

• person: agency (personal control) and meaning (outcomes valued by the person)
• context: interplay between person and context (systemic approach) –> proactivity and adaptability
• time: makes the model dynamic

Question 16

what is the healthy worker effect?

Answer 16

healthy workers are more likely to be employed
- for all ages, but especially after 58 years old

Question 17

study about sheltered employment of people with work handicap: what model was mainly used and what were the main findings of this study?

Answer 17

• JD-R model was mostly used
• person-job fit was related to higher weekly work engagement and lower exhaustion
• weekly variation in workload contributes to higher engagement: people with handicap felt more engaged in week with high, rather than low workload

interaction between workload and autonomy at person level
- relationship between workload and exhaustion at person level was buffered by high autonomy

Question 18

what is the conservation of resources theory COR of sustainable careers?

Answer 18

focuses on how individuals manager their resources
- preservation and generation of resources over time

Question 19

what is the self-determination theory SDT of sustainable careers?

Answer 19

highlights role of autonomy, competence and relatedness in fostering motivation and career sustainability

Question 20

what are life-span theories about sustainable careers?

Answer 20

how career goals and motivations change with age and over the course of a career

Question 21

what are career anchors?

Answer 21

values that are important for a person