Knowledge

Question 1

Rationalism

Answer 1

knowledge = product of reasoned reflection capable of operating independently of experience

Question 2

Empiricism

Answer 2

knowledge = product of sensory experience

Question 3

Necessary

Answer 3

X is a necessary condition of Y if without X you cannot have Y

Question 4

Sufficient

Answer 4

X and Y are sufficient conditions of Z is the occurance of X and Y guarantees the occurance of Z

Question 5

Rationalists

Answer 5

Human beings are born with a body of knowledge already stored in the mind -> enables them to recognise truths when we unearth them

Question 6

Meno’s slave

Answer 6

demonstrates each of us has an innate capacity to reason narrator(Socrates) : draws a number of geometric shapes in the sand + Meno’s slave recognises the right answers without having done any maths before

Question 7

Empiricists

Answer 7

all knowledge needs to be learnt // there is no such thing as innate knowledge

Question 8

Tabula rasa

Answer 8

[John Locke] a blank slate upon which facts acquired through experience are written

Question 9

Kantian rationalism

Answer 9

accepts that we acquire genuine knowledge from experience but we are born with the innate capacity to reason
we know what to do with the info received from experience
correct conclusion relies on innate cerebral capacities
i.e. understanding of language + an ability to work out the relationship between the concepts that we acquire

Question 10

A posteriori knowledge

Answer 10

from what comes after
body of info acquired through sensory experience
accurately report sth about the world we live in

Question 11

A priori knowledge

Answer 11

from what comes before 
body of info we know to be true from thinking about the concepts involved 
permanent 
universal 
necessary