Knee Special Testing Flashcards

1
Q

Why is rotation of the lower limb in VALGUS TEST important?

A

uncoils the cruciate ligaments and allows the max amt of stress to be placed on the collateral ligaments

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2
Q

How many degrees for the bent VALGUS TEST?

A

20-30 degrees of FLEXION

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3
Q

Why VALGUS STRESS TEST with a bent knee?

A

to decomission the ACL/PCL which would support the knee against lateral or medial stress tests

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4
Q

As a ‘note’ the disruption of this ligament would cause _________.

A

rotational instabilities

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5
Q

How is the VARUS STRESS TEST conducted?

A

Same as with VALGUS, but push on medial ligament, also retest.

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6
Q

With ROTATIONAL INSTABILITIES which is the greater contributor to instability MCL or LCL?

A

MCL

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7
Q

VALGUS tests for _______, while VARUS tests for _______

A

MCL

LCL

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8
Q

Lateral Collateral Ligament is tested with

A

VARUS STRESS TEST

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9
Q

Medial Collateral Ligament is tested with

A

VALGUS STRESS TEST

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10
Q

2 Tests for ACL injury

A

Lachman

Anterior Drawer Test

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11
Q

At what degrees should the knee be positioned in order to test for LACHMAN

A

BETWEEN full extension and 30 degree flexion

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12
Q

QUICK description of LACHMAN

A

stabilize FEMOR with one hand and pull proximal TIBIA FORWARD with the other hand

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13
Q

What is considered positive with the LACHMAN test?

A

looser - than the healthy knee, so the tibia can be moved more anteriorly
OR
pain

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14
Q

False positive LACHMAN when?

A

PCL torn. Posterior sag. Man faengt schon weiter hinten an.

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15
Q

LACHMAN Modification 1

A

Patient sits on side of table same handling with hands

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16
Q

LACHMAN Modification 2

A

Examiner puts thigh underneath Patient’s thigh

same handling with hands to test

17
Q

WHICH IS THE BEST LACHMAN Modification with and Examiner with small Hands?

A

Modification 2 with Examiner’s thigh underneath

18
Q

What are the Angles of the Anterior/Posterior Test?

A

Hip at 45 degrees, Knee at 90 degrees

19
Q

Where are Hands/Thumbs placed with the Anterior/Posterior Drawing Test?

A

both hands around tibia with thumbs over the joint line

20
Q

How much ‘GIVE’ of the knee w/Anterior Posterior Drawing Test is normal?

A

6 mm

21
Q

Positive Anterior/Posterior Drawing Test is when?

A

> 6mm compared to nl knee

Pain

22
Q

Swelling testing with

A

measuring knee girth, bulge test

23
Q

Affected structures in the knee d/t bruising

A

affected ligaments, peripheral meniscus tears, fracture

24
Q

Blood swelling aka ecchymosis is seen where?

A

around KNEE, but also tracks down the leg to KD3, BL60

25
Q

BULGE TEST how is it performed?

A

stroke medially from underneath the popliteal crease up [in the direction of the HIP] just above the patella with one hand

with the other hand do the reverse on the lateral side

26
Q

When is the BULGE TEST positive?

A

A bulging over the medial eye of the knee will be produced.

27
Q

How is the PATELLA moved for PATELLA PALPATION?

A

POSTEROmedial
OR
POSTEROlateral

28
Q

How is the PATELLA palpated for PATELLA PALPATION?

A

underneath the corner which is freed

29
Q

The PATELLA should move how much?

A

up or over (med/lat) half its width

30
Q

Most Meniscal Tears are in the

A

avascular region