Knee Special Testing

Question 1

Why is rotation of the lower limb in VALGUS TEST important?

Answer 1

uncoils the cruciate ligaments and allows the max amt of stress to be placed on the collateral ligaments

Question 2

How many degrees for the bent VALGUS TEST?

Answer 2

20-30 degrees of FLEXION

Question 3

Why VALGUS STRESS TEST with a bent knee?

Answer 3

to decomission the ACL/PCL which would support the knee against lateral or medial stress tests

Question 4

As a ‘note’ the disruption of this ligament would cause _________.

Answer 4

rotational instabilities

Question 5

How is the VARUS STRESS TEST conducted?

Answer 5

Same as with VALGUS, but push on medial ligament, also retest.

Question 6

With ROTATIONAL INSTABILITIES which is the greater contributor to instability MCL or LCL?

Answer 6

MCL

Question 7

VALGUS tests for _______, while VARUS tests for _______

Answer 7

MCL

LCL

Question 8

Lateral Collateral Ligament is tested with

Answer 8

VARUS STRESS TEST

Question 9

Medial Collateral Ligament is tested with

Answer 9

VALGUS STRESS TEST

Question 10

2 Tests for ACL injury

Answer 10

Lachman

Anterior Drawer Test

Question 11

At what degrees should the knee be positioned in order to test for LACHMAN

Answer 11

BETWEEN full extension and 30 degree flexion

Question 12

QUICK description of LACHMAN

Answer 12

stabilize FEMOR with one hand and pull proximal TIBIA FORWARD with the other hand

Question 13

What is considered positive with the LACHMAN test?

Answer 13

looser - than the healthy knee, so the tibia can be moved more anteriorly
OR
pain

Question 14

False positive LACHMAN when?

Answer 14

PCL torn. Posterior sag. Man faengt schon weiter hinten an.

Question 15

LACHMAN Modification 1

Answer 15

Patient sits on side of table same handling with hands

Question 16

LACHMAN Modification 2

Answer 16

Examiner puts thigh underneath Patient’s thigh

same handling with hands to test

Question 17

WHICH IS THE BEST LACHMAN Modification with and Examiner with small Hands?

Answer 17

Modification 2 with Examiner’s thigh underneath

Question 18

What are the Angles of the Anterior/Posterior Test?

Answer 18

Hip at 45 degrees, Knee at 90 degrees

Question 19

Where are Hands/Thumbs placed with the Anterior/Posterior Drawing Test?

Answer 19

both hands around tibia with thumbs over the joint line

Question 20

How much ‘GIVE’ of the knee w/Anterior Posterior Drawing Test is normal?

Answer 20

6 mm

Question 21

Positive Anterior/Posterior Drawing Test is when?

Answer 21

> 6mm compared to nl knee

Pain

Question 22

Swelling testing with

Answer 22

measuring knee girth, bulge test

Question 23

Affected structures in the knee d/t bruising

Answer 23

affected ligaments, peripheral meniscus tears, fracture

Question 24

Blood swelling aka ecchymosis is seen where?

Answer 24

around KNEE, but also tracks down the leg to KD3, BL60

Question 25

BULGE TEST how is it performed?

Answer 25

stroke medially from underneath the popliteal crease up [in the direction of the HIP] just above the patella with one hand with the other hand do the reverse on the lateral side

Question 26

When is the BULGE TEST positive?

Answer 26

A bulging over the medial eye of the knee will be produced.

Question 27

How is the PATELLA moved for PATELLA PALPATION?

Answer 27

POSTEROmedial OR POSTEROlateral

Question 28

How is the PATELLA palpated for PATELLA PALPATION?

Answer 28

underneath the corner which is freed

Question 29

The PATELLA should move how much?

Answer 29

up or over (med/lat) half its width

Question 30

Most Meniscal Tears are in the

Answer 30

avascular region