Knee pathologies

Question 1

ACL- MOI

Answer 1

Sudden deceleration prior to change in direction

Non contact hyperextension

Question 2

ACL- Body chart/pain

Answer 2

Severe pain and swelling in knee

Question 3

ACL- other symptoms

Answer 3

Audible pop

Inability to fully extend knee

Question 4

ACL- tests

Answer 4

Anterior drawer test

Lachman test

Question 5

ACL- risk factors

Answer 5

ACL notch size (narrow increases risk)
Body mass
Q angle
Joint laxity

Question 6

PCL- MOI

Answer 6

Anterior blow to tibia with knee in flexion

Question 7

PCL- Body chart/pain

Answer 7

Deep knee pain and swelling

Question 8

PCL- Other symptoms

Answer 8

Loss of motion, effusion

Question 9

PCL- Test

Answer 9

Posterior drawer test

Posterior sagging

Question 10

MCL- MOI

Answer 10

Direct blow to lateral knee
Excessive external rotation with foot planted on ground
Overuse e.g. breaststroke

Question 11

MCL- Body chart/pain

Answer 11

Medial knee pain, swelling

Question 12

MCL- Other symptoms

Answer 12

Difficulty bending knee

Question 13

MCL- test

Answer 13

MCL valgus stress test
Swain test
Anteromedial draw test

Question 14

MCL- Treatment

Answer 14

Surgery
Physio
Bracing

Question 15

LCL- MOI

Answer 15

Direct blow to medial knee
Non contact varus stress
Non contact hyperextension

Question 16

LCL- Body chart/pain

Answer 16

Pain and swelling at lateral joint line

Question 17

LCL- other symptoms

Answer 17

Difficulty full weight bearing

Intstability

Question 18

LCL- test

Answer 18

Varus stress test

Posterolateral drawer test

Question 19

LCL- treatment

Answer 19

Surgery (unlikely if torn in isolation)

Physio

Question 20

Meniscus MOI

Answer 20

Sudden rotation in weight bearing

Question 21

Meniscus- 2 types

Answer 21

Acute- result of trauma

Chronic- degenerative, common in elderly

Question 22

Meniscus- tests

Answer 22

McMurray test

Joint line tenderness