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PHTH 7232 Ortho > Knee Palpations > Flashcards

Knee Palpations Flashcards

1
Q

How many anterior bone structure?

and what are they

A

8

  1. Tibial tuberosity,
  2. interior pole of patella,
  3. anterior patella,
  4. superior pole of patella,
  5. edges of patella on the lateral edges/ corners,
  6. superior lateral trochlear groove/ ridge,
  7. medial trochlear groove,
  8. femoral groove/ sulcus
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2
Q

How many anterior soft tissue structures?

name them

A

6

  1. infra patella tendon,
  2. anterior surface of patella,
  3. superior pole of patella,
  4. rectus fermoris,
  5. VMO,
  6. vastus lateralis,
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3
Q

How many posterior bone structure?

A

0

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4
Q

How many posterior soft tissue structures?

name them

A

6

  1. Semitendonousus,
  2. bicep femoris,
  3. medial head of gastrocnemius,
  4. lateral head of gastrocnemius,
  5. posterior capsule area of the knee,
  6. popliteal artery
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5
Q

How many medial distal bone structures?

A

2medial tibial plateau (joint line), tibial flair

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6
Q

How many medial distal soft tissue structures?

A

9medial meniscus, coronary fibers, medisotibal capsule, MCL, Pes group (3) (semitendonousus, gracilis, sartrius), semimembransus, pes bursa

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7
Q

How many medial posterior bone structures?

A

5medial femoral condyle, medial trochlear ridge, medial joint line/ tibial plateau, medial femoral epicondyle, adductor tubercle

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8
Q

How many medial proximal soft tissue structures?

A

6meniscofemoral portion of capsule, MCL, medial retinacular fibers, MPFL, plica, infrapatellar fat pad

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9
Q

How many lateral distal bone structures?

A

3lateral joint line, gerdy’s tubercle, fibular head

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10
Q

How many lateral distal soft tissue structures?

A

7lateral meniscus, lateral coronary ligament, lateral meniscotibal capsular fibers, LCL, anterior proximal tib fib ligament, posterior proximal tib fib ligament, peroneal nerve

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11
Q

How many lateral proximal bone structures?

A

3lateral ridge of trochlea, lateral femoral condyle, lateral femoral epicondyle

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12
Q

How many lateral proximal soft tissue structures?

A

8LCL, meniscofemoral capsule, ITB, bicep femoris tendon, lateral retinaculum, infrapatellar fat pad, popliteal tendon, ALL

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13
Q

Tibial Tuberosity (B)

A

Osgood-Schlatter Disease

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14
Q

Inferior Pole of Patella (B)

A

Sinding- Larsen- Johansson Syndrome

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15
Q

Anterior Patella (B)

A

Fracture; Bone Tendon Bone harvest site for ACL repair

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16
Q

Superior Pole of Patella (B)

A

Quad tendon attachment

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17
Q

Edges of patella on the lateral edges/ corners (B)

A

Bipartite patella (Superior lateral edge); physis doesn’t close (true bipartite); fracture

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18
Q

Superior Lateral Trochlear Groove/ Ridge (B)

A

Bony buttress to prevent the lateralisation of the patella. If dislocation/subluxation occurs, we may get OCD from inferior (retropatellar) surface of patella or from lateral trochlea. Also an OATS and Mosaicplasty harvest site (for articular cartilage procedures)

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19
Q

Medial Trochlear Groove (B)

A

DJD- can feel osteophytes, bone spurs

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20
Q

Femoral Groove/ Sulcus; Trochlear Groove (B)

A

patella tracks

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21
Q

Infrapatella Tendon (ST)

A

-itis, -osis, partial or full tear, Bone Tendon Bone ACL reconstruction

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22
Q

Anterior Surface of Patella (ST)

A

Prepatellar burisitis

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23
Q

Superior Pole of Patella (ST)

A

Quad insertion site; -osis, itis; partial/ full rupture; ACL repair (Bone Tendon Soft-Tissue)

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24
Q

Rectus Femoris (ST)

A

Myositis, -osis, inflammation, tears, stains

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25
Q

VMO (ST)

A

Myositis, -osis, inflammation, tears, stains

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26
Q

Vastus Lateralis (ST)

A

Myositis, -osis, inflammation, tears, stains

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27
Q

Semitendonousus tendon (ST)

A

Tendonditis, -osis, tears, stains

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28
Q

Bicep Femoris tendon (ST)

A

Tendonditis, -osis, tears, stains

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29
Q

Medial Head of Gastrocnemius (ST)

A

Myositis, -osis, strain, tear/ rupture

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30
Q

Lateral Head of Gastrocnemius (ST)

A

Myositis, -osis, strain, tear/ rupture, and Fabella may be present

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31
Q

Posterior Capsule Area of the Knee (ST)

A

Swelling; Baker’s cyst

32
Q

Popliteal Artery (ST)

A

Primary blood supply down to the foot- can be a defect in vascular supply to lower leg

33
Q

Medial Tibial Plateau/ Joint Line (B)

A

Tibial line fracture

34
Q

Tibial Flair (B)

A

the most common site of tibial stress fracture

35
Q

Medial Meniscus (ST)

A

Tears (usually in the posterior 1/3)

36
Q

Coronary Fibers (ST)

A

Correlated to meniscus tears (these fibers are innervated so they will feel pain)

37
Q

Meniscotibial Capsule (ST)

A

Pain- holds the meniscus in place

38
Q

MCL (ST)

A

Torn (2nd most common to ACL); most commonly at joint line, then proximal jt line, then distal jt line

39
Q

Pes Group: Semitendonousus (ST)

A

Tendonitis, -osus, can be used for ACL reconstruction

40
Q

Pes Group: Gracilis (ST)

A

Tendonitis, -osus, can be used for ACL reconstruction

41
Q

Pes Group: Sartorius (ST)

A

Tendonitis, -osus

42
Q

Semimembransus (ST)

A

Tendonitis, -osus

43
Q

Pes Bursa (ST)

44
Q

Medial Femoral Condyle (B)

A

OCD lesions due to AVN

45
Q

Medial Trochlear Ridge (B)

A

Osteophytes

46
Q

Medial Joint Line/ Tibial Plateau (B)

A

Contusions, fractures, etc.

47
Q

Medial Femoral Epicondyle (B)

A

Proximal attachment for MCL- 2nd most commons site for MCL injury; bone avulsion

48
Q

Adductor Tubercle (B)

A

Pain from patellar injury

49
Q

Meniscofemoral portion of capsule (ST)

A

Pain correlated with meniscal tear

50
Q

MCL (ST)

A

Torn (2nd most common to ACL); most commonly at joint line, then proximal jt line, then distal jt line

51
Q

Medial retinacular fibers (ST)

A

Can be torn if there was a patellar dislocation or subluxation; retunacular neuromas (defects, rents or bumps)

52
Q

MPFL (ST)

A

Stabilizer for the knee

53
Q

Plica (ST)

A

irritated: 1. microtraumatic overuse 2. macrotrauma directly to the area 3. chronic effusion in the knee causes degradation changes to the synovium, and it creates a plica syndrome (plica becomes fibrotic/ hard)

54
Q

Infrapatellar Fat Pad (ST)

A

Most innervated/ sensitive structure in the knee; Hoffa’s syndrome if it gets inflamed for injured

55
Q

Lateral Joint Line (B)

A

Jt pain can correlate with meniscal tears

56
Q

Gerdy’s Tubercle (B)

A

Pain can be from insertion problems from the ITB

57
Q

Fibular Head (B)

A

Subluxations; avulsion fracture by the bicep femoris; masioneuve fracture at the fibular neck; hypermobile

58
Q

Lateral Meniscus (ST)

59
Q

Lateral Coronary Ligament (ST)

A

Pain correlates with meniscus tears

60
Q

Lateral meniscotibal capsular fibers (ST)

A

Pain correlates with meniscus tears

61
Q

LCL (ST)

A

Not as common as MCL; can have sprain, partial or full thickness tears; avulsion fractures

62
Q

Anterior Proximal Tib Fib Ligament (ST)

A

Stabilization ligament- important for hypermobility

63
Q

Posterior Proximal Tib Fib Ligament (ST)

A

Stabilization ligament- important for hypermobility

64
Q

Peroneal Nerve (ST)

A

Can get hit there or affected by varus LCL injury

65
Q

Lateral Ridge of the Trochlea (B)

A

Osteophytes from OA, OCD, mosaicplastys, OATS

66
Q

Lateral Femoral Condyle (B)

67
Q

Lateral Femoral Epicondyle (B)

A

LCL attachment

68
Q

LCL (ST)

A

Not as common as MCL; can have sprain, partial or full thickness tears; avulsion fractures (most common site is the mid ligament, 2nd is proximal, 3nd is distal)

69
Q

Meniscofemoral Capsule (ST)

A

A lot to palpate- pain can be from the tear in the meniscus

70
Q

ITB (ST)

A

Attaches to gerdy’s tubercle

71
Q

Bicep Femoris Tendon (ST)

A

Attaches to the fibular head

72
Q

Lateral Retinaculum (ST)

A

Tears, retinacular neuromas

73
Q

Infrapatellar Fat Pad (ST)

A

Most innervated/ sensitive structure in the knee; Hoffa’s syndrome if it gets inflamed for injured

74
Q

Popliteal Tendon (ST)

75
Q

Anterior Lateral Ligament (ST)

A

Helps to counter some of the micro transverse plane rotation that occur after an injury

PHTH 7232 Ortho (21 decks)

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