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PCM 1 Midterm > Knee Osce > Flashcards

Knee Osce Flashcards

1
Q

How do we create a Q angle?

A

Draw a straight line from the ASIS to the center of the patella
line from patella to tibial tuberosity

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2
Q

Normal Q angle of the knee is ___ degrees.

A

15

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3
Q

With genu valgum, will you have a increased or decreased Q angle?

A

increased

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4
Q

With genu varus, will you have a increased or decreased Q angle?

A

decreased

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5
Q

What is genus recurvatum?

A

Our knees have a backwards curvature. They are hyper-extended.

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6
Q

What is the nerve root of the patella?

A

L4

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7
Q

What is the nerve root of the achilles tendon?

A

S1

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8
Q

What muscle strength number does active movement with gravity eliminated indicate?

A

+2/5

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9
Q

A +1/5 muscle strength will indicate what?

A

Barely detectable/trace of contraction

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10
Q

Dermatomes for anteromedial thigh?

A

L1-L3

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11
Q

Dermatomes for patella and big toe?

A

L4

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12
Q

Dermatomes for anterior leg, ankle and big toe?

A

L5

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13
Q

A strong, full and increased pulse would be what?

A

+3/4

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14
Q

Valgus test

A

Pt lay down
Flex leg to 30 degrees; push into the tibia and abduct lower leg.
Conduct at 30 degrees and neutral

+ test: Pain
Indication: MCL

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15
Q

Varus test

A

Pt lay down
Flex leg to 30 degrees; push into the tibia and abduct lower leg.
Conduct at 30 degrees and neutral

+: Pain
LCL

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16
Q

Anterior drawer test

A

Have patient knee flexed to 90 and sit on it, pull the tibia up
.
+: excessive translation
Indication: ACL injury

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17
Q

Lachmans test

A

Flex knee to 10-30 degrees,
Stabilize thigh w one hand
Pull the tibia upwards with other

+: Increased laxity
Indicate: ACL injury

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18
Q

Reverse Lachman’s Test

A

Flex knee to 10-30 degrees

One hand stabilizes thigh
Other hand pushes the tibia posterior

+: increased laxity,
Indicate: PCL injury

19
Q

McMurray

A

Lay down with knee and hip flexed.
One hand on the ankle and other on distal femur

To test the lateral meniscus–> internal rotation and varus stress, then extend the leg
To test the medial meniscus–>externally rotate and VALGUS stress, then extend the elg

+: pain or click while extending

20
Q

Apley Grind Compression

A

Patient is laying down on stomach with knee at 90 degrees
Apply a downward force and rotate

+: pain
Indicate: meniscul or collateral ligament tear

21
Q

Apley Grind Distraction Test

A

Patient is laying down on stomach with knee at 90
Apply upward traction and rotate leg

+: Pain–> ligament tear
Relief of main–> meniscual tear

22
Q

Patellar laxity and apprehension test

A

Put thumbs on medial side of patella and push medial –> laterally and ask if there is any pain

+: Apprehension
Indicate: previous patellar dislocation

23
Q

Patellar compression (grind) test

A

Compress the patella and move it with one hand

+: pain
Indicate: inflammation

24
Q

Patella-femoral grinding test

A

Compress the patella caudally into trochlear groove and tell pt to tighten quads

+: pain
Indicate: roughness of articular surface

25
Q

Patellar glide test

A

Pt slowly flex and extend the knee while looks at the glide of the patella. If you place hand lightly, it can increase sensitivity.

+ test: pain
Indicate: possible damage to articular surface

26
Q

Anterior Drawer test (foot)

A

Put one hand on distal fibula
Put other hand on posterior calcaneus and pull anteriorly
Calcaneous should come back to neutral.

+ test: pain and no springing
Indicated ATF pathology (lateral ankle sprain

27
Q

Talar tilt test

A
  • Grab distal fibula
  • grab inferior calcaneous, blocking motion of calcaneuous
  • invert talas

+: Laxity
Indicates: calcaneofibular ligament pathology, ATL

28
Q

Eversion test

A

Evert foot

+: laxity
indicates: deltoid ligament

29
Q

Squeeze test

A

Squeeze the right above the ankle for 2-3 seconds with both hands.

pain at syndesmosis

syndesmosis pathology

30
Q

Cross leg test

A

Tell patient to cross leg and apply pressure over distal fibula

+ pain at distal ankle
syndesmosis pathology

31
Q

Thomas test

A

Pt lay down and squeeze calf and look for plantarflexion

+ no plantar flexion
indicates: rupture of achilles tendon

32
Q

Homans sign

A

Pt lay down with knee extended. force dorsiflexion

+ pain
Indicates DVT

33
Q

To look for DVT, what else can you look at?

A

edema
erythema
warmth

34
Q

How can we rule out a blood clot?

A

venus doppler

35
Q

Moses sign

A

Pt lay down and extend leg. Lift up a little and apply anterior compression on gastroc muscles on the back of tibia

+ pain with anterior compression
indications: DVT of posterior tibial vein

36
Q

Inversion ankle sprain MOI

A

inversion with plantar flexion

37
Q

High ankle sprain

A

eversion with ROTATION

38
Q

ligaments high ankle sprain

A

anterior inferior tibiofibular

syndesosis

39
Q

plantar fasciatis

A

inflammation of plantar aponeurosis

worse in AM, calcaneus, dorsiflexion

40
Q

how to test morton neuroma

A

Mulders sign–> clicking sensation when palpating third web space and other hand compressing the transverse arch together

41
Q

Turfs toe

A

inflammation and pain at the 1st MTP of big toe

Due to hyperextension

42
Q

how to test for DB neuropathy

A

Monofilament test

43
Q

gout most likely affects what?

A

1st MTP joint

PCM 1 Midterm (11 decks)

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