Knee Ligament Injuries

Question 1

What type of injury may cause a miniscal injury?

Answer 1

Twisting

Question 2

What pattern of swelling is seen in meniscal injury?

Answer 2

Slow swelling

Question 3

What may be heard on meniscal tear?

Answer 3

A “painful squelch”

Question 4

What occurs after a meniscal tear?

Answer 4

Painful to weight bear

Inability to fully extend knee

Question 5

What are the symptoms of a meniscal tear?

Answer 5

Locking knee

Knee that gives way

Question 6

What test can be used for diagnosis in meniscal tear?

Answer 6

McMurray’s test

MRI

Question 7

What is McMurray’s test?

Answer 7

Medial meniscus :
Valgus stress and extension with external rotation will cause pain

Lateral meniscus :
Varus stress and extension with external rotation will cause pain

Question 8

What 3 structures are the unhappy triad?

Answer 8

Medial collateral
Medial meniscus
ACL

Question 9

What is the unhappy triad?

Answer 9

3 structures that usually tear all at once

Question 10

What is the motion of injury of an ACL tear?

Answer 10

High impact twisting force with unlocked knee

Question 11

What may be heard in ACL?

Answer 11

Popping noise

Question 12

Can ACL injuries weight bear?

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

What is the swelling pattern in ACL and why?

Answer 13

Fast (haemarthrosis)

Question 14

What is the spread of pain on collateral ligament tears?

Answer 14

Lateral pain

Question 15

What may be heard when a collateral ligament goes?

Answer 15

Crack

Question 16

What is the mechanism of injury of a PCL tear?

Answer 16

Hyperextension

- Usually high impact trauma

Question 17

What may be seen o/e in PCL injury?

Answer 17

Posterior sag

Question 18

What are the risk factors of a tibial plateau fracture?

Answer 18

Elderly

Question 19

Why does the tibial plateau break before the ligaments go?

Answer 19

Due to weakness - normally osteoporotic bone

Question 20

What type of injury may cause a tibial plateau fracture?

Answer 20

Valgus/varus severe stress

Question 21

What type of tibial plateau fracture would a valgus stress cause?

Answer 21

Lateral plateau

Question 22

What type of tibial plateau fracture would a varus stress cause?

Answer 22

Medial plateau

Question 23

What classification system ca be used for tibial plateau fractures?

Answer 23

Schatzcher system

Question 24

What is clergymans knee?

Answer 24

Infrapatellar bursitis

Question 25

What causes house maids knee?

Answer 25

High kneeling

Question 26

What is house maids knee?

Answer 26

Prepatellar bursitis

Question 27

What imaging test is diagnostic in knee injury?

Answer 27

MRI

Question 28

What can USS be used for in knee injury?

Answer 28

Effusions

Question 29

What can x ray be used for in knee injury?

Answer 29

Suspected fracture

Question 30

What else MUST be assessed in a knee injury?

Answer 30

The HIP

Question 31

Why must the hip be examined?

Answer 31

Because if the pathology is in the hip —> altered gait —> sore knee

Question 32

What are the non surgical treatments for knee injury?

Answer 32

Physio
RICE
NSAIDs

Question 33

What are the surgical treatments for meniscal tear?

Answer 33

Partial menisectomy

Meniscal transplant

Question 34

What are the indications for knee surgery?

Answer 34

Failure of conservative management
Decreased quality of life

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