Knee Ira/ Tira

Question 1

What is the angle of the femoral shaft?

Answer 1

~10 degrees

Question 2

What type of bone is found at the proximal and distal ends?

Answer 2

Trabecular bone

Question 3

The femoral shaft is made —– bone with —– cavity

Answer 3

compact bone, medullary cavity

Question 4

What is the normal Q angle?

Answer 4

~ 13.5 degrees (+/- 4.5 deg)

Question 5

How is the Q angle formed?

Answer 5

Line from midpoint of patella to tibial tubercle
Line from ASIS to mid point of patella

Question 6

expansions of proximal tibia (medial and lateral)
is

Answer 6

condyles

Question 7

anterior ridge where anterior surface of condyles meet

Answer 7

Tibial tuberosity

Question 8

posterio-inferior lateral condyle is called

Answer 8

fibular facet

Question 9

anterio-lateral lateral condyle is called
Also the Insertion of IT Band

Answer 9

Gerdy’s Tubercle

Question 10

Part of the tibia
Attachments for horns of menisci
is called

Answer 10

Intercondylar area

Question 11

Part of the Tibia
Is ACL attachment and is the central, most narrow, raised portion of intercondylar area

Answer 11

intercondylar eminence

Question 12

This bone is not well suited for weight bearing

Answer 12

fibula

Question 13

What type of bone is in the quad tendon?

Answer 13

sesmoid bone

Question 14

How should the apex be aligned in an extended position?

Answer 14

apex should be slightly proximal to tibiofemoral joint line

Question 15

Base of the patella is —–
Apex of the patella is —-

Answer 15

base is superior
apex is inferior

Question 16

2 functions of the intrapatellar (Hoffa’s) Fat Pad

Answer 16

1. repair ( highly vascularized and innervated)
2. biomechanical role - Reduce pressure during full weight bearing

Question 17

at the capsule in the knee joint the patella is in the —– surface and PCL is in the —–

Answer 17

patella - anterior
PCL - posterior

Question 18

Functions of the MCL

Answer 18

1. checks/ limits genu valgus
2. Prevents ER (with knee is extended)

Question 19

When is the MCL taut and slackened?

Answer 19

taut - extension
( most) slackened - 30 degrees FL

Question 20

3 functions of the ACL

Answer 20

1. stability - resist anterior tibial translation ( sagittal plane)
2. resist varus and valgus angulation (minimally)
3. tibial rotation

Question 21

How is the ACL vascularized? equal distribution or do certain parts get more?

Answer 21

Proximal > distal portion

Question 22

How is the ACL innervated

Answer 22

tibial nerve
proprioceptive input

Question 23

Function of the PCL

Answer 23

1. Stability: Pulls condyles posteriorly during extension
   * stronger than ACL

Question 24

How does the medial meniscus compare to the lateral?

Answer 24

Fixed; moves less than lateral meniscus

Question 25

attached to capsule & deep MCL

Answer 25

Peripheral border

Question 26

tibial attachment of the meniscus

Answer 26

Coronary ligament

Question 27

What is the only attachment for the lateral meniscus?

Answer 27

tendon of the popliteus

Question 28

---- is often only attachment of the posterior horn

Answer 28

Meniscofemoral ligaments

Question 29

What parts of the meniscus are vascularized?

Answer 29

Outer = vascularized inner 2/3 = no blood

Question 30

What portion of the meniscus is highly innervated?

Answer 30

horns

Question 31

4 functions of the meniscus

Answer 31

1. Increase congruency of joint Spread loading Physical stability 2. Provide proprioceptive input 3. Lubrication 4. lessen loading during extremes of flexion & extension

Question 32

What is the patellar retinaculum seperated by? expansion of

Answer 32

separated: vascularized loose connective tissue expansion of VM and VL

Question 33

Patellar Retenicalum has these 2 attachments and is reinforced by ----

Answer 33

attachments: patellar margins & patellar tendon reinforced by ITB

Question 34

Knee IRs ( 3 bolded)

Answer 34

1. Semimembranosus 2. Semitendinosus 3. Popliteus

Question 35

Knee ER ( bolded)

Answer 35

biceps femoris

Question 36

tibiofemoral rotation ( combined IR/ ER) value

Answer 36

60 - 70

Question 37

resting ( open) pack knee position

Answer 37

30 degrees flexion

Question 38

Closed pack knee position

Answer 38

full extension

Question 39

In an extended knee position what is the orientation of patella ?

Answer 39

1. Inferior patella contacts trochlea 2. Posterior surface points directly posteriorly

Question 40

In 30 deg flexion what is the orientation of patella?

Answer 40

Mid-Patella contacts trochlea

Question 41

In full flexion what is the orientation of patella ?

Answer 41

Superior & superiolateral patella contacts trochlea Posterior surface faces cranially

Question 42

Screw Home Mechanism

Answer 42

= ER of Tibia in terminal knee extension

Question 43

Which % of the gait cycle is there the most knee flexion in ?

Answer 43

btw 70 and 80% toe off

Question 44

Medial border that contacts femoral condyle in full flexion is called

Answer 44

Odd facet

Question 45

function of the LCL

Answer 45

1. Checks/ limits varus force