Knee Exam

Question 1

What are common causes of valgus and varus deformities?

Answer 1

Loss of joint space - OA, reactive arthritis

Question 2

How can you categorise the cause of knee effusions?

Answer 2

Traumatic

Non-traumatic

• Gout/Pseudo gout
• Inflammatory arthritis
• OA
• Septic arthritis
• Coagulopathic haemarthrosis

Question 3

How does a total knee replacement scar appear?

Answer 3

Middle line

Longitudinal

Question 4

What is a Baker’s cyst?

Answer 4

Effusion that has gone to the back of the knee

Most commonly associated with OA

Question 5

What will you see with patella subluxation?

Answer 5

Patella will side laterally with extension

Question 6

What special tests are there for the knee?

Answer 6

Patella apprehension test

Apley’s grind test - Flex the knee and rotate the knee at the foot and look for painful response or palpate for grinding (for meniscal tears)

Collateral ligament laxity

Anterior/posterior draw

McMurray test (also for meniscal tears)

Question 7

What is a positive draw test?

Answer 7

Greater than 5 degree of movement