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musculo > knee differentials > Flashcards

knee differentials Flashcards

1
Q

PFPS symtoms?

A

anterior knee pain aggravated by prolonged sitting, stairs, kneeling

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2
Q

PFPS MOI?

A

gradual overuse injury

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3
Q

PFPS special tests?

A

overuse: eccentric step down test
movement coordination: single leg squat, lateral step down test
muscle: hipSIT, ABD, ER, EXT strength
hypomobility: patellar tilt, muscle length
PROM: pain at end range knee flexion

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4
Q

PFPS hip strengthen treatment?

A

bridges (can progress to single leg)
clams (progress)
fire hydrants
glute kickbacks (quadruped hip extension)
glute step downs
sidestep with resistance band

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5
Q

PFPS knee strengthen treatment?

A

quad set
short arc quads
WB (squats)- single leg
NWB (knee extensions)

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6
Q

PFPS differential diagnosis?

A

patellar tendonitis
OA
osgood schlatter
chondromalacia patella
plica syndrome

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7
Q

patellar tendonitis symptoms?

A

anterior knee pain aggravated by squatting, jumping
inferior pole of patella
15-50 year old

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8
Q

patellar tendonitis MOI?

A

gradual, repeated eccentric overloading during deceleration activities

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9
Q

patellar tendonitis special tests?

A

tests: declined single leg squat, royal london hospital test
PROM: pain end range knee flexion

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10
Q

patellar tendonitis isometric loading treatment?

A

knee extension machine
squat with strap
5 reps 45 seconds 2-3x a day

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11
Q

patellar tendonitis isotonic loading treatment?

A

squats
leg press
knee extension
want to progress to single leg

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12
Q

patellar tendonitis energy storage loading treatment?

A

plyometric loading

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13
Q

patellar tendonitis return to sport/activity treatment?

A

more sport specific

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14
Q

patellar tendonitis differential diagnosis?

A

ACL/PCL
PFPS

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15
Q

knee OA symptoms?

A

generalized knee pain aggravated by WB

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16
Q

knee OA MOI?

A

gradual due to micro or macrotrauma

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17
Q

knee OA special tests?

A

CPR:
1. knee pain
2. morning stiffness <30 mins
3. functional limitations
4. knee crepitus
5. knee restricted ROM
6. bony enlargements
capsular pattern: knee flexion less than extension
pain at end range knee flexion and extension PROM

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18
Q

knee OA treatment?

A

cyclic loading
quad strength

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19
Q

knee OA differential diagnosis?

A

disc herniation (L3/L4)
meniscus tear
tendonitis
hip pathology

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20
Q

knee fracture symptoms?

A

pain- night pain

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21
Q

knee fracture MOI?

A

trauma

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22
Q

knee fracture special tests?

A

ottawa knee rules

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23
Q

knee fracture acute treatment?

A

early AROM/PROM
heel slides
quad sets

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24
Q

knee fracture subacute treatment?

A

straight leg raises
short arc quads
wall squats
step ups/downs on stair

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25
Q

knee fracture chronic treatment?

A

steamboats
lunges (onto bosu)
bosu ball squats (progress to single leg)

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26
Q

knee fracture differential diagnosis?

A

ACL, MCL, PCL, patellar dislocation

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27
Q

meniscus tear symptoms?

A

swelling, popping, clicking, pain along joint line, pain with hyperflexion/extension
swelling seen 6-24 hours after

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28
Q

meniscus tear MOI?

A

twisting injury while WB
medial torn more often

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29
Q

meniscus tear special tests?

A

McMurrays test
Thessalys test

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30
Q

meniscus tear acute treatment?

A

early
AROM/PROM
heel slides
quad sets

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31
Q

meniscus tear subacute treatment?

A

straight leg raises
short arc quads
wall squats
step ups/downs on stairs

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32
Q

meniscus tear chronic treatment?

A

steamboats
lunges (onto bosu)
bosu ball squats (progress to single leg)
MWM squeeze technique

33
Q

meniscus tear differential diagnosis?

A

ACL, MCL, OA, patellar dislocation, tibial plateau fracture

34
Q

ACL tear symptoms?

A

popping or giving out
pain
immediate dysfunction
immediate swelling (0-2 hours)
instability

35
Q

ACL tear MOI?

A

twisting or hyperextension of the knee

36
Q

ACL tear special tests?

A

lachmans
anterior drawer
lelli lever
pivot shift
AROM/PROM (decreased knee extension)

37
Q

ACL tear acute treatment?

A

early AROM/PROM
heel slides
quad sets

38
Q

ACL tear subacute treatment?

A

straight leg raises
short arc quads
wall squats
step ups/downs on stair

39
Q

ACL tear chronic treatment?

A

steamboats
lunges (onto bosu)
bosu balls squats (progress to single leg)

40
Q

ACL tear differential diagnosis?

A

PCL tear

41
Q

PCL tear symptoms?

A

popping or giving out
pain
immediate dysfunction
immediate swelling (0-2 swelling)
instability

42
Q

PCL tear MOI?

A

hyperextension

43
Q

PCL tear special tests?

A

posterior drawer
posterior sag
AROM/PROM (decreased knee extension)

44
Q

PCL tear acute treatment?

A

early
AROM/PROM
heel slides
quad sets

45
Q

PCL tear subacute treatment?

A

straight leg raises
short arc quads
wall squats
step ups/downs on stair

46
Q

PCL tear chronic treatment?

A

steamboats
lunges (onto bosu)
bosu balls squats (progress to single leg)

47
Q

PCL tear differential diagnosis?

A

ACL tear

48
Q

MCL tear symptoms?

A

localized swelling/stiffness
medial pain and tenderness

49
Q

MCL tear MOI?

A

valgus stress

50
Q

MCL tear special tests?

A

valgus stress test
palpation

51
Q

MCL tear acute treatment?

A

early
AROM/PROM
heel slides
quad sets

52
Q

MCL tear subacute treatment?

A

straight leg raises
short arc quads
wall squats
step ups/downs on stair

53
Q

MCL tear chronic treatment?

A

steamboats
lunges (onto bosu)
bosu balls squats (progress to single leg)

54
Q

LCL tear symptoms?

A

localized swelling/stiffness
lateral pain and tenderness

55
Q

LCL tear MOI?

A

varus stress

56
Q

LCL tear special tests?

A

varus stress test
palpation

57
Q

LCL tear acute treatment?

A

early
AROM/PROM
heel slides
quad sets

58
Q

LCL tear subacute treatment?

A

straight leg raises
short arc quads
wall squats
step ups/downs on stair

59
Q

LCL tear chronic treatment?

A

steamboats
lunges (onto bosu)
bosu balls squats (progress to single leg)

60
Q

ITB syndrome symptoms?

A

lateral knee pain diffuse and hard to localize
aggravated by climbing and descending stairs
history in changes in training surface, increased milage
tenderness at lateral femoral condyle/girdy’s tubercle

61
Q

ITB syndrome MOI?

A

overuse

62
Q

ITB syndrome special tests?

A

Obers test
nobel compression test

63
Q

ITB syndrome treatment?

A

strengthen hip- sidelying leg raises, clams, standing SLR, steamboats
ITB stretches

64
Q

ITB syndrome differential diagnosis?

A

lateral meniscus tear
lateral compartment OA

65
Q

MCL tear differential diagnosis?

A

medial meniscus
ACL
tibial plateau fracture
PCL
patellar subluxation

66
Q

LCL tear differential diagnosis?

A

ACL
tibial plateau fracture
PCL
patellar subluxation
lateral meniscus

67
Q

hamstring strain symptoms?

A

pain in posterior leg

68
Q

hamstring strain MOI?

A

eccentric use of hamstring

69
Q

hamstring strain special tests?

A

SLR
90/90 hamstring goni
active knee extension test
hand held dynamometer
TTP distance from IT

70
Q

hamstring strain acute treatment?

A

single leg balance
strengthen hips
balance board

71
Q

hamstring strain subacute treatment?

A

hamstring curls
wall squats
squats (progress to single leg)

72
Q

hamstring strain chronic treatment?

A

single leg squats on bosu ball
lunges onto bosu ball
nordic hamstring
box jumps (control descent)

73
Q

hamstring strain differential diagnosis?

A

lumbar radiculopathy
deep gluteal syndrome
SI dysfunction
Adductor muscle strain

74
Q

patellar dislocation symptoms?

A

anterior knee pain with WB

75
Q

patellar dislocation MOI?

A

twisting injury with the femur IR on a fixed foot
could be no trauma

76
Q

patellar dislocation special tests?

A

AROM/PROM
joint play
PFJ apprehension test (patellar tilt)

77
Q

patellar dislocation treatment?

A

normalize gait (AD, heel slides-flexion)
patellar mobilization (medially)
quad sets
SLR
short arc quads
long arc quads
squat (can add bosu ball, weights)
SLS

78
Q

patellar dislocation differential diagnosis?

A

PFPS
tendonitis

musculo (19 decks)

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