Knee and popliteal fossa Flashcards
Type of joint
Hinge joint
Movements
Flexion-extension
Flexion muscles
Hamstrings
Gastrocnemius
Extension muscles
Quadriceps muscles
Menisci - what are they?
C shaped discs of fibrocartilage that act as shock absorbers
Menisci - blood supply
Only at the periphery
Which meniscus is more frequently torn - medial/lateral?
Medial
What is the function of ACL and PCL
Stabilise the knee
ACL function
Prevents anterior displacement of the tibia on the femur
Prevents hyperextension of the knee joint
PCL function
Prevents posterior displacement of the tibia on the femur
Prevents hyperflexion of the knee joint
MCL function
Resists valgus stress (prevents excessive knocked-knee)
LCL function
Resists varus stress (prevents excessive bow legged)
Function of the supra patellar bursa
Extension of the synovial cavity
Reduces friction on the quadriceps tendon during knee movements
Popliteal fossa location
Posterior to the knee
Contents of popliteal fossa
Tibial nerve Common fibular nerve Sural nerves Popliteal artery Small saphenous vein -> popliteal vein Popliteal lymph nodes
Muscles of popliteal fossa
Plantaris
Popliteus
What does the common fibular nerve wrap around?
Fibular neck
What does the common fibular nerve divide into?
Superficial and deep fibular nerves
What does the superficial fibular nerve supply?
Lateral compartment of leg and skin of dorsum of foot
What does the deep fibular nerve supply?
Anterior compartment of the leg and the skin of the first interdigital cleft
What is the popliteal artery a continuation of?
Femoral artery
What does the popliteal artery divide into?
Anterior and posterior tibial arteries
What does the anterior tibial artery supply?
Anterior compartment of leg
What does the posterior tibial artery supply?
Posterior compartment of leg.
It terminates by dividing into medial and lateral plantar arteries
